Review of Various Techniques of Small Bowel Transplantation in Pigs

Weih, Sandra; Keßler, M.; Fonouni, Hamidreza; Golriz, Mohammad; Nickkholgh, Arash; Schmidt, Jan; Holland‐Cunz, Stefan; Mehrabi, Arianeb

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2011.07.052

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The limited options for replacing resected intestine make allotransplantation, xenotransplantation and tissue engineering research integral to improving available therapies for SBS patients. The pig represents an ideal model for each of these types of studies because of their shared size and specific physiologic, immunologic and organ developmental similarities with humans that translate into answering questions of practicality and generalized efficacy (23, 167–170). For instance, the current reference standard for detection of acute cellular rejection of allografts is a histological grading system (171) similar to the grading system used to identify allograft rejection in pigs used in transplantation research (23).…”

Section: Transplantation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of porcine models of transplantations include: orthotopic (graft in gastrointestinal continuity), heterotopic (graft not in gastrointestinal continuity), segmental (Thiry-Vella loop), whole small bowel or combined small bowel with colon (23, 170). Therefore, porcine experimental work directly facilitates the development of procedures for use in clinical patients (23, 170, 173). …”

Section: Transplantation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porcine models of digestive disease: the future of large animal translational research

Gonzalez

Moeser

Blikslager

2015

Translational Research

183

167

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There is increasing interest in non-rodent translational models for the study of human disease. The pig, in particular, serves as a useful animal model for the study of pathophysiological conditions relevant to the human intestine. This review assesses currently used porcine models of gastrointestinal physiology and disease and provides a rationale for the use of these models for future translational studies. The pig has proven its utility for the study of fundamental disease conditions such as ischemia/ reperfusion injury, stress-induced intestinal dysfunction, and short bowel syndrome. Pigs have also shown great promise for the study of intestinal barrier function, surgical tissue manipulation and intervention, as well as biomaterial implantation and tissue transplantation. Advantages of pig models highlighted by these studies include the physiological similarity to human intestine as well as to mechanisms of human disease. Emerging future directions for porcine models of human disease include the fields of transgenics and stem cell biology, with exciting implications for regenerative medicine.

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Section: Transplantation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transplantation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine models of digestive disease: the future of large animal translational research

Gonzalez

Moeser

Blikslager

2015

Translational Research

183

167

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“…Here, we used the classical intestinal transplant model with manual suture and made vascular reconstruction through an end-to-side suture, transplanting only the small bowel to avoid complications. 30 The classical model requires a high level of suture techniques compared with other models. During the procedure, it was important to keep the 2 blood vessels sutured to the upper aorta and the inferior vena cava.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: It is well accepted that survival after a second organ transplant without immunosuppressive agents indicates tolerance for the first transplant. To validate donor-specific tolerance, we established a rat model with a secondary heart transplant after intestinal transplant, which has so far not been described in the literature. Materials and Methods: We transplanted intestine from Fischer F344 rats to Lewis rats orthotopically. Lewis rats received tacrolimus pretreatment before transplant and a 14-day course of rapamycin 1 month after transplant. At 120 days after primary intestinal transplant, hearts from 6 F344 rats (group A) or 6 Brown Norway rats (group B) were transplanted to Lewis rats that had survived intestinal transplant and without additional immunosuppressive agents. We analyzed survival data, histologic changes, cells positive for the ED1 macrophage marker in transplanted hearts, and 3 lymphocyte levels in both groups. Results: Thirty days after secondary heart transplant, group A hearts were continuously beating; however, group B hearts stopped beating at around 10 days after transplant (8.5 ± 1.5 d; P < .05). Our histologic study showed that both groups had muscle damage and cellular infiltration in hearts that were distinctly different from normal hearts, with ED1-positive cells counted in both groups (85 ± 16 in group A, 116 ± 28 in group B; P > .05). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting showed that CD4/CD25-positive regulatory T cell, CTLA4/CD4/CD25-positive regulatory T cell, and Natural killer T-cell levels were significantly higher level in group A versus B (P < .05). Conclusions:The donor-specific tolerance that we observed was possibly a state of "clinical tolerance" rather than "immunologic tolerance." Our rat model is a feasible and reliable model to study donor-specific tolerance. The higher levels of lymphocytic T cells shown in intestinal transplant recipients were associated with longer allograft survival, possibly contributing to donor-specific tolerance.

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“…For the purpose of animal research, pig models are the experimental method of choice because of the substantial anatomical and physiological similarities to humans [14,17,20,26,42,43]. Moreover, pigs can reliably tolerate extended pathophysiological stress like the resection of the small bowel for the purpose of SBS research [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade, modern therapeutic options such as tissue engineering [9] have been among the topics of interest. Due to the anatomical and physiological similarities to humans, porcine models are useful for optimizing different therapeutic approaches [10,11,12,13,14]. There are various and sometimes not exact definitions of SBS in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Short Bowel Syndrome in Pigs: A Technical Review

Weih

Nickkholgh²,

Keßler³

et al. 2013

Eur Surg Res

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Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is still a life-threatening disease in both children and adults. Although the therapeutic options are improving, challenges still remain, and to overcome these challenges is a major focus of SBS research today. In order to simulate anatomical and physiological conditions similar to those in humans for research, porcine models of SBS are often used. Various approaches for generating SBS models have been described in the literature. Methods/Results: In this work, we present a review of different types of porcine models of SBS and outline the differences between those models regarding types of animals, surgical procedures, monitoring, and methods of assessment. Conclusion: The aim of this study was to select the most suitable SBS model regarding the purpose of the research.

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Review of Various Techniques of Small Bowel Transplantation in Pigs

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Porcine models of digestive disease: the future of large animal translational research

Porcine models of digestive disease: the future of large animal translational research

Untitled

Models of Short Bowel Syndrome in Pigs: A Technical Review

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