Review on Biological Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation

Ansal, K A; Jose, Divya Susan; Rajan, R

doi:10.1109/iccsdet.2018.8821217

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Furthermore, reference [26] presented an overview of radiation exposure and the interaction of EM waves with the human body. The study suggested that in order to minimize the radiation effect, it is necessary to work on a heterogeneous network with reduced transmit power using femto and pico base stations, especially at the 20-70 Hz band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Impact: Human Exposure to Non-Ionizing Radiation in the Millimeter-Wave Band of Sixth-Generation Wireless Networks

Al-Falahy,

Alani

2024

Electronics

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The investigation into potential hazards linked with millimeter-wave (mmWave) radiation is crucial, given the widespread adoption of body-centric wireless sensor nodes operating within this frequency band. This is particularly pertinent in light of its envisaged use for the upcoming 5G/6G networks and beyond. As 6G is anticipated to leverage a broad spectrum, including both sub-6 GHz and mmWave bands (30–300 GHz), concerns arise regarding increased human exposure to non-ionizing radiation (NIR). This work highlights the advantages of deploying 6G in the mmWave band, focusing on evaluating human body exposure to NIR interactions. Additionally, this research aims to address mmWave NIR exposure by introducing a Distributed Base Station (DBS) network. Utilizing low-power remote antennas to extend network coverage, the DBS architecture seeks to effectively minimize NIR’s impact without compromising overall network performance. The findings underscore the significant potential of the DBS approach in mitigating NIR-related concerns associated with mmWave utilization in 6G networks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Impact: Human Exposure to Non-Ionizing Radiation in the Millimeter-Wave Band of Sixth-Generation Wireless Networks

Al-Falahy,

Alani

2024

Electronics

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“…Electromagnetic radiation can cause a range of damage, including rising body temperature, nervous system dysfunction and weakened immune function [3,4]. Therefore, the research on wearable absorbing material and its structure is of great significance for the human body to resist electromagnetic wave damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Absorption Performance of Single-Layer and Multi-Layer Structures Prepared by CNTs/Fe3O4 Nonwoven Materials

et al. 2021

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Electromagnetic radiation can cause serious harm to the human body, such as the rise in body temperature and the decrease in immune function. In this study, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Fe3O4 nonwovens were used to prepare wearable flexible absorbing materials. First, the single-layer absorbing structures were prepared by hot rolling, dipping, and film fabrication, respectively. Then, the single-layer structures were combined to form the multi-layer absorbing structures. By testing and analyzing the absorbing performance of various structures in the X-band frequency range, the optimum combination scheme was found, together with a good reflection loss value of CNTs/Fe3O4 nonwoven material. The experiment results displayed that the single-layer hot-rolled nonwovens modified by CNTs have the best wave absorbing performance. Its minimum reflection loss of −18.59 dB occurred at 10.55 GHz, and the efficient frequency occurred at 8.86–12.40 GHz. The modified film can significantly improve the absorbing performance of multi-layer structures. In addition, the absorbing performance was closely related to both the place where the absorbing film was introduced and the type of absorbing fillers. When the film-forming CNTs (FC) film was located at the bottom layer of the multi-layer structure, the hot rolled CNTs hot rolled mixed reagent film forming CNTs (HC-HM-FC) structure constructed exhibited the best absorbing effects. Its minimum reflection loss can reach −33 dB, and the effective absorbing frequency range covered half of the X-band.

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“…The results of their experiments show that RF-EMF radiation over a long period of time induces cell and tissue degeneration. Another work [14] has also analyzed the problems that possibly arise due to the interaction of RF-EMF radiation with biological systems. Their intensive study shows that not only human health can be affected, but also flora and fauna health can be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%