Review on Ethnobotany and Phytopharmacology of Cordia Dichotoma

Abstract

Cordia dichotoma is a plant species in the genus Cordia. It is called gunda or tenti in Hindi and lasura in Nepali. The fruit of the Fragrant Manjack is called phoa-po-chi in Taiwan where they are eaten pickled. In Burma, the pa-o people are growing the tree (called "thanpet") for its edible leaves. It is a tree about 15 metres high, found spanning from north India and south China to Australia and Polynesia. 1 It grows wild in the northern part of peninsular Malaysia but is planted in south. Various Synonyms are Cordia myxa Forsk, Cordia oblique Wild, Cordia myxa Roxb etc and Common name are Bhokar, Shleshmantaka etc.

Exploring Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Uses of Cordia Dichotoma (Indian Cherry): A Review

“…It is found in different types of forests ranging from the moist deciduous forests of the Western Ghats and tidal forests in Mayanmar to the dry deciduous forest of Rajasthan. In Maharashtra, it grows in the moist monsoon forest also 4 .…”

“…The seed contains α-amyrins 3,4 , betulin 6 , octacosanol, lupeol-3-rhamnoside, β-sitosterol 4 , β-sitosterol-3-glucoside, hentricontanol, hentriacontane, taxifolin-3-5-dirhamnoside 6 , hesperitin-7-rhamnoside and fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. Flavonoid glycosides (rutoside, robinin, rutin, datiscoside and hesperidin), flavonoid aglycone (dihydrorobinetin) and phenolic derivatives (chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid) were also isolated from seeds 4 . The significant anti-inflammatory activity of seeds may be attributed because of α-amyrins and taxifolin-3-5-dirhamnoside 3,6 .…”

“…4-hydroxy-transcinnamate ester 8,13 , β-sitosterol 4,14 , quercetin and quercitrin 11,15 ). Preliminary phytochemical analysis of C. dichotoma bark indicated the presence of allantoin, β-sitosterol and 3', 5-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy flavanone-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside 4,16 . Fruits showed the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, sterols 4 , arabinoglucan, D-glucose (67.6%) and L-arabinose (13.2%) 11,7 .…”

“…Preliminary phytochemical analysis of C. dichotoma bark indicated the presence of allantoin, β-sitosterol and 3', 5-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy flavanone-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside 4,16 . Fruits showed the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, sterols 4 , arabinoglucan, D-glucose (67.6%) and L-arabinose (13.2%) 11,7 . Phytoconstituents with their possible pharmacological actions are listed in table 1 and structures of some phytoconstituents are presented in figure 2.…”

“…Many phytoconstituents like flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, tannins and glycerides having different pharmacological action were screened and isolated from C. dichotoma. Many researchers reported various pharmacological applications of C. dichotoma such as Anti-ulcer 1 , Contraceptives 2 , anti-inflammatory [3][4][5][6] anthelmintic, analgesic, anticancer 4,7 , Antioxdant 8, 9 , antimicrobial 10 , antifungal 10 , hepatoprotective 11 and diuretic purposes and for treating digestive system, respiratory, urogenital, cardiac, vascular and blood disorders. So far only few numbers of comprehensive reviews has been compiled from the literature encompassing the therapeutics uses of cordial dichotoma.…”