Review on magnetocaloric high-entropy alloys: Design and analysis methods

Abstract

The search for high-performance functional alloys with improved service life and reliability entails the optimization of their mechanical properties. Recently, the high-entropy alloy (HEA) design concept has found new alloys with excellent mechanical properties. It utilizes multiprincipal elements to yield high configurational entropy of mixing, entailing a large compositional freedom with wide window of opportunities for property exploration. Their functional properties are usually modest when compared to conventional materials. The discovery of HEAs with optimal combination of mechanical and functional properties would be a leap forward in the reliability of functional devices. This review article focuses on magnetocaloric HEAs, the design approaches, and the appropriate analysis methods for their performance. We will highlight the efficient strategic search within the vast HEA space, which has been instrumental for significantly enhancing MCE performance, closing the pre-existing gap between magnetocaloric HEAs and high-performance conventional magnetocaloric materials. Outlook for future directions will also be included. Graphical abstract

Large Refrigerant Capacity Induced by Table‐Like Magnetocaloric Effect in High‐Entropy Alloys TbDyHoEr

“…However, there are relatively few researches on functional HEAs materials, especially magnetic functional HEAs. [19,20] In the early stages of HEAs research, it mainly…”

Development of Magnetocaloric Microstructures from Equiatomic Iron–Rhodium Nanoparticles through Laser Sintering

“…A number of materials have been investigated for magnetocaloric refrigeration across different temperature ranges. [57][58][59] For example, La(FeSi) 13 [60] displays a temperature change of 6.9 K at an operating temperature of 190 K, while Mn 3 GaC [61] exhibits a temperature variation of 4.5 K at 163 K, and Gd 2 Si 2 Ge 2 [62] has a temperature change of 4.9 K at 262 K under an applied magnetic field of 2 T. These materials exhibit the most significant temperature change at the phase-transition temperature, and their operating range and cooling capacity depend on the width and characteristics of their magnetic phase transition.…”

Effect of Sc Addition on Magnetocaloric Properties of GdTbDyHo High‐Entropy Alloys

“…[14][15][16] While the research of HEAs mainly focuses on the structural and mechanical properties, the magnetic properties of HEAs are still far from being fully understood. [17,18] Recently, RE-based HEAs (RE-HEAs) with a hexagonal structure have shown high magnetocaloric performance due to their large values of the magnetic entropy change. [19][20][21] For instance, as reported by Yuan et al, [22] the jΔS pk M j and RC values of the GdTbDyHoEr HEA can reach 8.6 J kg À1 K À1 and 627 J kg À1 under 5 T. For the GdTbHoErY HEA, Lu et al [23] showed a jΔS pk M j value of 5.4 J kg À1 K À1 and a RC value of 453 J kg À1 .…”