Review on Phase Change Materials with Nanoparticle in Engineering Applications

Abstract

Phase change materials (PCMs) with their phenomenal phase changing behavior hold a key for many developments in renewable energy and engineering systems for sustainable future. PCM which can store and release heat energy over a temperature range has become an eminent candidate for many engineering applications that includes thermal, civil, electronics and textile. In modern days, Nano-PCMs have gained much attention of the engineers in utilizing them for thermal energy storage systems, for cooling microelectronic systems, for space heating or cooling in modern buildings and also in smart textiles for human comfort. Contribution of Nano-PCM based energy systems in energy savings and reduction of global gas emission is of interest now. This review provides an outlook of various types of PCM, choices of nanomaterial for incorporation and applications of nanomaterial incorporated PCMs. The most common types of PCM used are water, paraffin, hydrated salts and bio based PCM. Despite their high latent heat storage advantage, their low thermal property calls for the incorporation of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials with their high surface to volume ratio tune the thermal properties of the base PCM. Nanomaterials used for incorporation in PCM include Al, Cu, SiO2, TiO2, Carbon nanotubes (CNT), Carbon nanofibers (CNF), Al2O3, NaOH KOH etc.

Emplacement of screen-printed graphene oxide coating for building thermal comfort discernment

“…However, this low thermal conductivity of PCM, which can be improved by using nanoparticle incorporation 12 , 13 . In this regard, high conductive nanoparticle dispersion could be a better alternative solution of PCM to enhance its thermal conductivity 14 , 15 . Though, factors such as surface-functionalization, surface area, shape and size of nanoparticle are also controlled the efficacy of the PCM operation 16 , 17 .…”

Enhancement of thermal properties of bio-based microcapsules intended for textile applications

“…The latent heat storage method is mostly used for thermoregulated fabric as in latent heat storage method high storage density is possible to achieve under nearly isothermal conditions [1,3]. Phase change materials (PCMs) represent an interesting potential energy carrier due to their high latent heat and capacity for energy transfer [4][5][6]. Organic PCMs can be divided into main parts, such as pure alkanes, paraffins, fatty acids and their derivatives, and polyols [7].…”

“…PCM has been applied to textiles in a variety of processes such as coating, lamination, finishing, melt spinning, bi-component synthetic fiber extrusion, injection molding, and encapsulation [5]. Our goal was to manufacture bio-based PCM microcapsules intended for textile applications and explore their thermal properties.…”

Influence of nanoparticle morphology and its dispersion ability regarding thermal properties of water used as phase change material

“…One of the most promising approaches to improve PCM properties/behaviour is the addition of welldispersed nanoparticles [13]. In this case, the PCMs are called nanostructured-enhanced phase change materials (NePCM).…”

“…Most NePCM studies have used water, etilenglicol, paraffin wax, and cyclohexane as the base PCM [13,14], most of them for cold storage. Different types of nanoparticles have been used including carbon-based nanostructures (carbon nanofibres, graphite nanoplatelets, singlewalled nanotubes, and multiwalled nanotubes, graphne), oxide-based nanoparticles (Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, and CuO), and metals (Cu, Al, and Ag) [13,[15][16][17]. In some cases, additives were used to improve nanoparticle dispersion and stability [13,18].…”