Review: phytochemistry and medicinal properties of Solanum torvum fruits

Abstract

Background: Most plants have medicinal properties, which they achieve from certain secondary metabolites. Phytochemicals are compounds produced by plants. They may affect health but are not-essential nutrients as our diet does not require them to sustain life in the same way as vitamins and minerals. Objectives: The study reports the phytochemistry and medicinal properties of Solanum torvum fruits. Methods: A search of database sites such as PUBMED, Google Scholar, and Web of Science as well as other sources of literature available across public libraries was conducted to obtain information related to the topic. Results: Here, we review the numerous medicinal properties of S. torvum (cardio and nephro protection, anti-hypertensive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-microbial activities) and relate them to the underlying phytochemicals and their biological actions. Conclusion: This exposure is expected to provide researchers with updated information on S. torvum health benefit properties and related phytochemicals, which merit future research for developing pharmacological drugs aimed at curing ailments or diseases, and for possible use in preventive medicine.

Antioxidant Activities, Phenolic Compounds and Organic Acids of Raw and Boiled Berries of Solanum Torvum Swartz From Eastern Côte d’Ivoire

“…The combined methanolic extracts were evaporated at 35 ˚C (rotary evaporator HEILDOLPH Laborata 4003 Control, Schwabach, Germany) until 25 mL. These 25 mL of each phenolic extract Indonesian Food Science and Technology Journal IFSTJ : Vol : (6) No :1, December, 2022 (PP : [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] ISSN : 2615-367X…”

“…It is also cultivated as a small-scale vegetable in southern and eastern Asia, and is especially popular in Thailand [4]. In terms of traditional medicine, the berries of S. torvum have been widely investigated in many countries [2,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Extracts from these berries have generally been shown to be antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, cardioprotectors, nephroprotectors, hepatoprotectors and cough suppressants.…”

Bioactive triterpenoids from Solanum torvum fruits with antifungal, resistance modulatory and anti-biofilm formation activities against fluconazole-resistant candida albicans strains

“…S . torvum has alternate leaves which are broadly ovate with entire or lobed margins [ 10 ]. The globular shaped edible fruits grow in clusters and have a bitter taste when cooked whereas the stems have scattered hooked prickles [ 11 ].…”

“…torvum have also yielded steroidal glycosides like 5α-pregn-16-en-3,20-dione-6α-ol-6-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside], 25(S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5α-furost-22(20)-en-3β,6α,26-triol-6-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside, 25(S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5α-furost-22(20)-en-3β,6α,26-triol-6-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside] and 5α-pregn-16-en-20-one-3β,6α-diol-6-O-[α-Lrhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside] [ 19 ]; and phenolic compounds including methyl caffeate and isoflavonoid sulfate [ 20 ]. The fruits are reported to possess anti-ulcerogenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory [ 10 ], antidiabetic [ 21 ], anticancer [ 22 ] and antibacterial activities [ 23 ].…”

Gastroprotective and Antioxidative Effects of the Traditional Thai Polyherbal Formula Phy-Blica-D against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats

“…Phy-Blica-D has been reported to contain phytochemical compounds, including 6-galloylglucose, 1-O-galloylglycerol, fertaric acid, vanilpyruvic acid, (2S)-5,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavanone 6-C-glucoside, naringerin, agecorynin B, castavinol, chalconaringenin 2′-rhamnosyl-(1→4)-xyloside, beta-rhodomycin, sericoside, alliosterol 1-(4″-galactosylrhamnoside) 16-galactoside, licorice saponin A3, asparasaponin II, licorice saponin G2, betavulgaroside II, glycyrrhizic acid, and 6-gingerol [ 17 ]. Moreover, a literature review demonstrated that the phytochemical compounds of Phy-Blica-D herbal component are various, but the main chemicals are phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloids, glycosides, tannin, and triterpenoid, as shown in Table 1 [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”