Review—Polymeric/Small Organic Molecules-Based Electrochromic Devices: How Far Toward Realization

Abstract

Electrochromic devices have emerged as new age technology devices due their low power consumption, eye friendly working modes, and simple structure with easily adjustable features. Such devices have vast application prospects in areas like energy efficient building architecture, flexible displays, next generation smart wearables, satellite thermal control, etc. Organic electrochromic material offers several advantages, including rich color, stretchable and flexible architecture, facile synthesis, and easy modification of optical properties. However there are certain technical issues, such as cyclic stability, durability, uniform color performance, etc, which are still to be resolved before large scale commercialization of organic electrochromic devices can occur. In recent years, various research teams have made efforts in developing new methods and technologies to overcome such issues. Here, we have summarized these innovative efforts taken in the last decade to help researchers analyze and compare different techniques adopted toward improving the performance of organic electrochromic devices.

Self-healable PEDOT-based all-organic films with excellent electrochromic performances

“…However, before the large-scale commercialization of such organic electrochromic devices, there are still some technical challenges, such as cycling stability, durability, uniform color performance, and so on. 35,36 To develop organic electronic materials with good electrochromic performances and high operation stability, our focus at present is to combine self-healing capability with excellent electrochromic materials based on PEDOTs. Thus, the effect of PU-DA on the electrochromic performances of PEDOTs/PU-DA was paid special attention.…”

Recipe for Fabricating Optimized Solid‐State Electrochromic Devices and Its Know‐How: Challenges and Future

“…[11] Other CPs, like P3HT [68,69] and PPy, [70] too have been extensively used both in their pristine forms or their derivatives to fabricate ECDs. [71][72][73][74] The advantage of organic ECMs lies in their ease of processibility, higher conductivity, requirement of lesser voltage, and better flexibility. Other unconventional organic ECMs include carbazoles, dimides, or bismide-based devices with promising end results.…”

Towards a large-scale and high-performance smart window based on Prussian blue: a revolutionary two-dimensional-material assisted in situ growth preparation method utilizing MXene

“…12,13 However, traditional preparation methods such as electrodeposition and hydrothermal face challenges in achieving large-scale PB lm production due to limitations in electrode resistance and equipment technology. 14,15 Meanwhile, these methods heavily rely on a large amount of non-reusable precursor solutions, leading to signicant challenges in terms of production energy consumption and wastewater discharge and treatment costs. This lack of reusability undermines contemporary green production concept.…”