Review—Preparation and Application of Graphene-Based Hybrid Materials through Electrochemical Exfoliation

Abstract

Since its first exfoliation in 2004, graphene has been extensively studied in many areas of material engineering due to its attractive properties. Graphene-based hybrid materials (GHMs) combined with advantageous materials, such as graphene, have shown broad application prospects in the fields of electronics, optoelectronics, energy storage, and conversion. High-efficiency and low-cost industrial scale methods must be developed to produce high-quality GHMs and realize their potential applications. Electrochemical exfoliation is one of the most promising methods for GHMs production because of its mild operating conditions, short time, and simple instruments. In this review, we briefly introduce electrochemically prepared graphene on the basis of their differences in exfoliation electrodes and then review the electrochemical exfoliation of GHMs. Factors affecting the hybridization of graphene, the possible hybrid mechanism, and the potential application prospects are also elucidated. Lastly, insights and perspectives on current research challenges and future opportunities regarding the electrochemical exfoliation and applications of graphene and its hybrids are discussed.

Review on the Effects of Electrochemical Exfoliation Parameters on the Yield of Graphene Oxide

“…In addition, GO can be modified chemically with various functional groups through electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals to fabricate advanced materials such as transparent conductive film, energy storage, sensors, ultralight super elastic aerogels, and others. − Carbon has been used as a main element in electrochemistry , for years, especially graphite and graphene which are popular and successful electrodes due to their excellent electrical properties. Furthermore, graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) have long been synthesized electrochemically with other elements for some applications, and therefore, scientists applied this method to exfoliate graphene from natural graphite. − Brodie, Staudenmaier, and Hummers’ methods have long been used to synthesize graphite oxide before some improvements on oxidation and exfoliation efficiency were made by researchers . However, they have long reaction times of hours and even days and release numerous hazardous gases (e.g., NO x and CIO 2 ) in chemical oxidation .…”

Internally inflated core-buffer-shell structural Si/EG/C composites as high-performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries

“…Then, the water molecules and SO 4 2− moved into the graphite layer and increased the interlayer distance of the graphite. With the decomposition of the intercalation into gaseous products (such as O 2 and SO 2 ), the graphite layers expanded violently, reducing the interlayer van der Waals force, thereby resulting in the EG [25,26].…”

Carbon‐Based Materials for a New Type of Zinc‐Ion Capacitor

“…[62] Due to its clear pore structure, excellent electrical conductivity, chemical inertness, and large theoretical SSA (approximately 2630 m 2 g À 1 ), graphene is also regarded a promising electrode material. [80][81][82][83][84] In 2019, Chen et al developed a simple hydrothermal method to synthesize a ZnMn 2 O 4 /N-doped graphene nanocomposite as a cathode material for high-performance ZICs by using Zn-(AC) 2 • 2H 2 O, Mn(AC) 2 .4H 2 O and graphene oxide as raw materials. [85] In the ZnMn 2 O 4 /N-doped graphene nanocomposite, ultrafine ZnMn 2 O 4 nanoparticles (21 nm) are well anchored on the N-doped graphene.…”