“…A great deal of work on highly e cient solar evaporation systems has been devoted to exploring the design of broadband spectrum absorption [10,11], energy ow management, and open-porous water channels [12][13][14][15][16]. Usually, the evaporator with broad-spectrum solar absorbers [17,18], porous oating systems, and appropriate thermal insulation can achieve a high evaporation performance [19][20][21]. Nevertheless, salt accumulation during desalination is still a challenge that impedes the widespread use of solar evaporators.…”