Revision af Transportøkonomiske Enhedspriser 2022

Abstract

De Transportøkonomiske Enhedspriser har sammen med modellen TERESA i mange år udgjort Transportministeriets grundlag for samfundsøkonomiske analyser inden for transportsektoren i Danmark.I 2022 er enhedspriserne blevet revideret på to områder, som har relation til den grønne omstilling: grønne køretøjer og emissioner. Desuden er mulighederne for følsomhedsanalyser af klimaomkostningerne blevet udvidet.Blandt de vigtigste fornyelser kan nævnes, at der i kørselsomkostningerne nu tages højde for, at afgifterne på grønne biler forøges frem mod 2030, og at priserne på de grønne biler – især på elbilerne – forventes at falde i de kommende år. Emissionsfaktorerne fremskrives nu for en lang række kombinationer af køretøjer og drivmidler – både fossile brændstoffer og el. Dermed er der nu konsistens mellem brændstofomkostningerne og drivhusgasudledningerne.En anden større ændring er, at der nu præsenteres to alternative priser på CO2-udledning. Beregningsmodellen TERESA er også ændret på dette punkt, så der nu er faciliteter, der hjælper brugeren til at regne projektøkonomi på de to CO2-priser sideordnet. De sideordnede priser giver mulighed for at vurdere, hvordan forskellige forudsætninger for værdisætningen af CO2 i praksis påvirker rentabiliteten af infrastrukturprojekter på transportområdet

Electric Vehicle Usage Patterns in Multi-Vehicle Households in the US: A Machine Learning Study

“…A Danish study found that the number of trip legs, the drive time, and the requirement to charge the vehicle all had negative effects on the probability of choosing an EV. On the other hand, precipitation and urban areas had positive effects on the probability of choosing an EV [14]. A study in Switzerland modeled household vehicle choice as a function of trip attributes, socio-demographic variables, and spatiotemporal variables [13].…”

“…Since this study intends to identify the types of trips that are most likely to be made by EVs in multi-vehicle households, individual trip attributes (e.g., trip purpose, trip distance, and number of passengers) were considered in the modeling framework. Trip attributes have been previously used in studies that modeled EV usage [13,14]. Based on these studies, a number of trip attributes were considered to be included in the model.…”

“…Furthermore, gaining a deeper understanding of this choice can assist policymakers in formulating policies based on the motivators for and barriers to EV usage. Two European studies have modeled this choice by creating artificial multi-vehicle households [13,14]. However, the EV markets in those countries differ significantly from the US EV market.…”

Modeling the Impacts of Low Emission Zone on Route Diversion and Emissions of Heavy-Duty Trucks: A Southern California Case Study

“…As another example, Denmark has implemented LEZs specifically for HDDTs since 2008. According to one study, the LEZ in Copenhagen was associated with a 5% reduction in average PM2.5 concentrations ( 15 ). However, it should be noted that the evaluation of the efficacy of LEZs based on air quality measurement data is complex as there are other confounding factors (e.g., variation in meteorological conditions, fleet turnover) that could affect the levels of air pollutant concentration in the LEZs.…”

Introduction

“…22 Today prominent mobilities scholars such as Ole B. Jensen use science and technology studies and post-humanist philosophy to discuss the development of human-technology futures. 23 Others may draw on migration and tourism theory to explore how human communities and environments may survive environmental 24 and organizational crises 25 in the Anthropocene. Studies of travel mobilities as pedagogy 26 or aspects of professional and leisure rhythms 27 sit next to atmospheric interrogations of technology, tourism 28 and artistic 29 publics, and work-related automobility routines 30 to frame mundane but central to the production of sociality "events" and situations.…”