Revision of Australian Species of the Genus<i>Diaea</i>(Araneae: Thomisidae) with Redefinition of Their Taxonomic Status

Szymkowiak, Paweł

doi:10.3161/000345414x684795

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…We accordingly suggest that the faster capture of more and larger prey in groups generally promotes group retention across group‐living crab spiders. The only other group‐living crab spider is Australomisidia inornata , and as this congener shares a similar ecology and life history with the crab spiders used in this study (Dumke, ; Evans, ; Szymkowiak, ), it likely derives similar advantages from foraging in groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…For instance, Anelosimus eximius group members suffered reduced per-capita food intake as group size increased beyond a certain optimum (Yip et al, 2008). Such findings indicate that food competition among group members counteracts the benefits of social group living in spiders (Avilés & Guevara, 2017;Ranta, Rita, & Lindstrom, 1993;Rubenstein, 1978), which potentially explains why subsocial and social spider species are phylogenetically rare (Agnarsson, Avilés, Coddington, & Maddison, 2006;Yip & Rayor, 2011, 2014.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Advantages of social foraging in crab spiders: Groups capture more and larger prey despite the absence of a web

2018

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Among group‐living spiders, subsocial representatives in the family of crab spiders (Thomisidae) are a special case, as they build protective communal leaf nests instead of extensive communal capture webs. It could thus be inferred that antipredator benefits (e.g., enhanced protection in larger nests) rather than foraging‐related advantages (e.g., capture of more and larger prey) promote sociality in this family. Nonetheless, subsocial crab spiders do share prey, and if this behaviour does not reflect mere food scramble but has a cooperative character, crab spiders may offer insights into the evolution of social foraging applicable to many other cooperative predators that hunt without traps. Here, we performed a comparative laboratory feeding experiment on three of the four subsocial crab spider species—Australomisidia ergandros, Australomisidia socialis and Xysticus bimaculatus—to determine if crab spiders derive advantages from foraging in groups. In particular, we tested artificially composed groups of five sibling spiderlings vs. single siblings in terms of prey capture success and prey size preference. Across species, groups had higher prey capture success (measured in terms of capture rates and capture latency) and were more likely to attack large, sharable prey—dynamics leading to reduced food competition among group members in favour of living and foraging in groups. Within groups, we further compared prey extraction efficiency among the three applied social foraging tactics: producing, scrounging and feeding alone. In A. ergandros, individuals were exceptionally efficient when using the non‐cooperative scrounger tactic, which entails feeding on the prey provided by others. Thus, our multispecies comparison confirms foraging advantages in maintaining a cooperative lifestyle for crab spiders, but also demonstrates the relevance of research into exploitation of cooperative foraging in this family.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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confidence: 98%

Advantages of social foraging in crab spiders: Groups capture more and larger prey despite the absence of a web

2018

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“…We identified spiders using identification keys and guides (Mascord 1970;Dippenaar-Schoeman 1983;Urones et al 1983;Levi 1985;Urones 1985;Marusik and Logunov 1990;Ono 1988;Urones 2000;Roberts 2001), and through comparison to museum specimens. We recursively identified some species and genera after our phylogenetic analysis, particularly the Australian Diaea spp., in light of the recent revision of this genus (Szymkowiak 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Levi ; Urones ; Marusik and Logunov ; Ono ; Urones ; Roberts ), and through comparison to museum specimens. We recursively identified some species and genera after our phylogenetic analysis, particularly the Australian Diaea spp., in light of the recent revision of this genus (Szymkowiak ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlated evolution between coloration and ambush site in predators with visual prey lures

et al. 2017

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The evolution of a visual signal will be affected by signaler and receiver behavior, and by the physical properties of the environment where the signal is displayed. Crab spiders are typical sit-and-wait predators found in diverse ambush sites, such as tree bark, foliage, and flowers. Some of the flower-dweller species present a UV -white visual lure that makes them conspicuous and attractive to their prey. We hypothesized that UV -white coloration was associated with the evolution of a flower-dwelling habit. In addition, following up on results from a previous study we tested whether the UV -white coloration evolved predominantly in flower-dwelling species occurring in Australia. We measured the reflectance of 1149 specimens from 66 species collected in Australia and Europe, reconstructed a crab spider phylogeny, and applied phylogenetic comparative methods to test our hypotheses. We found that the flower-dwelling habit evolved independently multiple times, and that this trait was correlated with the evolution of the UV -white coloration. However, outside Australia non-flower-dwelling crab spiders also express a UV -white coloration. Therefore, UV -white reflectance is probably a recurring adaptation of some flower dwellers for attracting pollinators, although it may have other functions in non-flower dwellers, such as camouflage.

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“…Specimens for this study come from the following institutions (acronyms and curators in parentheses): Cátedra de Biología de los Artrópodos de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina (CARTROUNNE; Gilberto Avalos), Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Buenos Aires, Argentina (MACN-Ar; Martín J. Ramírez), Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina (MLP; Cristina Damborenea and Luis Pereira), Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales "Lorenzo Scaglia", Mar del Plata, Argentina (MMPE, Juan Farina), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, San Lorenzo, Paraguay (MNHNP; John Kochalka), Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany (ZMB, Jason Dunlop), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN; Christine Rollard), The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom (BMNH, Janet Beccaloni), and Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Frankfurt, Germany (SMF, Peter Jäger). The format of description, including notation of leg macrosetae, follows mostly Ono (1988), the terminology for female copulatory structures follow mostly Szymkowiak (2014). All measurements are in millimeters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The crab spider genus Uraarachne Keyserling (Araneae: Thomisidae) in Argentina: a proposal of its senior synonymy over Plancinus Simon, and description of four new species.

Grismado¹,

Achitte-Schmutzler²

2020

MACN

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The crab spider genus Uraarachne Keyserling 1880 currently comprises two species: U. longa Keyserling (type species, from Brazil, and herein newly recorded from Paraguay) and U. vittata (Caporiacco) from French Guiana. Uraarachne is herein proposed, on base of somatic and genitalic characters, as a senior synonym of Plancinus Simon 1886, which is known from three species from Uruguay: P. runcinioides Simon (type species), P. cornutus Simon, and P. brevipes Simon (all three transferred here to Uraarachne). Uraarachne runcinioides new comb., (type species of Plancinus), and U. cornuta new comb., are reported for the first time for Argentina and redescribed, based on the type specimens and new material, including the first known males. Four new species are described from Argentina: U. panthera n. sp., and U. ceratophrys n. sp. (from Misiones province, both on base of single male specimens), U. toro n. sp. (from Salta province, female only), and U. kapiity n. sp. (from the argentine provinces of Chaco, Corrientes, and Entre Ríos, and from Paraguay, on base of both sexes). Two additional species are transferred to Uraarachne: Runcinia plana Simon, previously known only from juveniles from Paraguay (adults described here for the first time, and distribution extended to central-eastern Argentina), and Misumenoides variegatus Mello-Leitão, known from the holotype male from Santa Fe (female described here for the first time, and distribution extended to Paraguay and Buenos Aires, Argentina). Platyarachne argentina Mello-Leitão and Erissoides argentinus Mello-Leitão are newly synonymized with Uraarachne runcinioides. The relationships of the genus are breafly discussed, proposing a close relationship with Runcinia Simon.

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Revision of Australian Species of the GenusDiaea(Araneae: Thomisidae) with Redefinition of Their Taxonomic Status

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Advantages of social foraging in crab spiders: Groups capture more and larger prey despite the absence of a web

Advantages of social foraging in crab spiders: Groups capture more and larger prey despite the absence of a web

Correlated evolution between coloration and ambush site in predators with visual prey lures

The crab spider genus Uraarachne Keyserling (Araneae: Thomisidae) in Argentina: a proposal of its senior synonymy over Plancinus Simon, and description of four new species.

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