Revision of the African Genus <i>Hexalobus</i> (Annonaceae)

Botermans, Marleen; Sosef, M.S.M.; Chatrou, Lars W.; Couvreur, Thomas L. P.

doi:10.1600/036364411x553108

Cited by 22 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The identity of the plant material was confirmed by the curator, and voucher specimens were placed in the HGWJ (Botermans et al, 2011;De Wet et al, 2012;Ruffo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimycobacterial activity against different pathogens and selectivity index of fourteen medicinal plants used in southern Africa to treat tuberculosis and respiratory ailments

Dzoyem

Aro

McGaw

et al. 2016

South African Journal of Botany

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a b s t r a c t Edited by J Van Staden Keywords: Medicinal plants Tuberculosis Mycobacterium CytotoxicityMany plants are used in traditional medicine to treat tuberculosis and other respiratory disorders in Africa. The emergence of multiple drug resistance has become a major threat and thus calls for an urgent need to search for new effective and safe anti-TB agents. The aim was to determine the antimycobacterial activity and the safety of the acetone leaf extracts of 14 plant species used in southern Africa to treat tuberculosis and pulmonary ailments. The antimycobacterial activity was evaluated by a tetrazolium violet based broth microdilution method against three fast-growing mycobacteria species (Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium aurum and M. fortuitum) and one pathogenic M. tuberculosis field strain. The in vitro cellular toxicity was determined using the MTT assay on Vero monkey kidney cells. The extraction yield, the LC 50 and MIC values were used to determine the total activity (TA) and the selectivity index (SI) of the extracts. Extracts had moderate to weak activity with the MIC values ranging from 0.039 to N 2.5 mg/mL. M. fortuitum appeared to be better predictor of activity against pathogenic M. tuberculosis than M. smegmatis and M. aurum. Extracts from Heteropyxis natalensis (3.3) and Hexalobus monopetalus (2.47) had the highest selectivity index. The results substantiate the safety and in some cases the potential efficacy of the traditional use of these species against tuberculosis and pulmonary ailments.

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“…The identity of the plant material was confirmed by the curator, and voucher specimens were placed in the HGWJ (Botermans et al, 2011;De Wet et al, 2012;Ruffo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimycobacterial activity against different pathogens and selectivity index of fourteen medicinal plants used in southern Africa to treat tuberculosis and respiratory ailments

Dzoyem

Aro

McGaw

et al. 2016

South African Journal of Botany

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“…& Diels. The flowers of Asteranthe and Hexalobus are hermaphroditic and have a corolla that is basally connate (van Heusden, 1992; Botermans et al ., 2011); in contrast, those of Uvariastrum are either hermaphroditic or unisexual and have free petals (van Heusden, 1992).…”

Section: Pollination Systems In Individual Cladesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently published molecular phylogenetic analyses of Annonaceae provide an ideal basis for investigating the evolution of pollination systems and associated floral morphology. The most taxonomically comprehensive of these analyses is that of Couvreur et al (2011), who adopted a supermatrix approach, concatenating data from seven plastid markers (atpB-rbcL, matK, ndhF, psbA-trnH, rbcL, trnS-trnG and trnL-trnF); this analysis included 93 of the 112 currently recognized genera (83%). Four main groups are consistently evident in published molecular phylogenetic analyses of the family, including that of Couvreur et al (2011): the subfamily Anaxagoreoideae (sensu Chatrou et al, 2012), consisting solely of the genus Anaxagorea St.Hil., sister to all other Annonaceae; subfamily Ambavioideae (the 'ambavioid' clade, consisting of nine genera: Ambavia Le Thomas, Cananga (DC.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in Annonaceae

Saunders

2012

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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The pollination biology of Annonaceae has received considerable attention, with data now available for > 45% of the genera (or genus‐equivalent clades) included in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. This provides a basis for understanding evolutionary shifts in the pollination system within the family. The present study focuses on subfamilies Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Annonoideae, for which robust, well‐resolved phylogenetic trees are available. Information is summarized on the pollination biology of individual clades and the evolutionary adaptations favouring different pollinator guilds evaluated. Although the majority of species of Annonaceae are pollinated by small beetles, five other pollinator groups are known: large beetles, thrips, flies, bees and cockroaches. Small‐beetle pollination is inferred as the ancestral pollination system, with all other systems being derived. Evolutionary shifts to pollination by large beetles, thrips and flies are unlikely to have been significantly constrained by previous adaptations favouring pollination by small beetles, as many of the adaptations to these different pollinator guilds are similar (including protogyny, partially enclosed floral chambers and olfactory cues). In contrast, however, the evolutionary shift to bee pollination has presumably been constrained by both protogyny (as pollen‐collecting bees are unlikely to visit pistillate‐phase flowers) and the presence of floral chambers. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 222–244.

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“…Finally, the taxonomy of the family is well advanced as much revisionary work has been published in recent years (e.g. Saunders, 2002, 2003; Maas, Westra & Chatrou, 2003; Maas, Westra & Vermeer, 2007; Saunders & Munzinger, 2007; Erkens & Maas, 2008; Mols et al ., 2008; Couvreur, 2009; Schatz & Maas, 2010; Botermans et al ., 2011; Maas & Westra, 2011; Maas et al ., 2011), which provides a good knowledge of generic limitations and species, although several problems remain.…”

Section: Diversifications In Annonaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Radiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm lineage (Annonaceae; Magnoliales)

Erkens

Chatrou

Couvreur

2012

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Biologists are fascinated by species‐rich groups and have attempted to discover the causes for their abundant diversification. Comprehension of the causes and mechanisms underpinning radiations and detection of their frequency will contribute greatly to the understanding of the evolutionary origin of biodiversity and its ecological structure. A dated and well‐resolved phylogenetic tree of Annonaceae was used to study diversification patterns in the family in order to identify factors that drive speciation and the evolution of morphological (key) characters. It was found that, except for Goniothalamus, the largest genera in the family are not the result of radiations. Furthermore, the difference in species numbers between subfamilies Annonoideae (former long branch clade) and Malmeoideae (former short branch clade) cannot be attributed to significant differences in the diversification rate. Most of the speciation in Annonaceae is not distinguishable from a random branching process (i.e. chance), and no special explanations are therefore necessary for the distribution of species richness across the major part of the phylogenetic tree for Annonaceae. Only for a small number of clades can key innovations be invoked to explain the elevated rate of diversification. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 117–134.

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Revision of the African Genus Hexalobus (Annonaceae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Antimycobacterial activity against different pathogens and selectivity index of fourteen medicinal plants used in southern Africa to treat tuberculosis and respiratory ailments

Antimycobacterial activity against different pathogens and selectivity index of fourteen medicinal plants used in southern Africa to treat tuberculosis and respiratory ailments

The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in Annonaceae

Radiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm lineage (Annonaceae; Magnoliales)

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