Revisit gut microbiota and its impact on human health and disease

Ding, Ruixue; Goh, Wei-Rui; Wu, Rina; Yue, Xiqing; Luo, Xue; Khine, Wei Wei Thwe; Wu, Junrui; Lee, Yuan‐Kun

doi:10.1016/j.jfda.2018.12.012

Cited by 220 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the maintenance of host homeostasis by shaping and supporting multiple physiological functions, such as nutrient absorption, metabolism, and the development of the immune system (Ding et al, 2019;Richard and Sokol, 2019;Sonnenburg and Sonnenburg, 2019;Sovran et al, 2019;Zmora et al, 2019). The microbiota also outcompetes intestinal colonization by microbial pathogens and thus provides an exogenous defense mechanism against infections (Rodriguez et al, 2015;Stecher and Hardt, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetate coordinates neutrophil and ILC3 responses against C. difficile through FFAR2

Fachi

Sécca

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Medicine

155

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Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis is a key predisposing factor for Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs), which cause intestinal disease ranging from mild diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis. Here, we examined the impact of a microbiota-derived metabolite, short-chain fatty acid acetate, on an acute mouse model of CDI. We found that administration of acetate is remarkably beneficial in ameliorating disease. Mechanistically, we show that acetate enhances innate immune responses by acting on both neutrophils and ILC3s through its cognate receptor free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2). In neutrophils, acetate-FFAR2 signaling accelerates their recruitment to the inflammatory sites, facilitates inflammasome activation, and promotes the release of IL-1β; in ILC3s, acetate-FFAR2 augments expression of the IL-1 receptor, which boosts IL-22 secretion in response to IL-1β. We conclude that microbiota-derived acetate promotes host innate responses to C. difficile through coordinate action on neutrophils and ILC3s.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetate coordinates neutrophil and ILC3 responses against C. difficile through FFAR2

Fachi

Sécca

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Medicine

155

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“…These modifications (gain or loss of community members or changes in their relative abundance), termed dysbiosis, can impact the metabolic activity of the microbiota, with consequences on its mutualistic relationship with the host. Indeed, microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the pathogenesis of age-related diseases, including metabolic diseases, as well as cancers, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders (Alvarez-Mercado et al, 2019;Ding et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Changes in the Gut Microbiota Modify Brain Lipid Composition

Albouery

Buteau

Grégoire

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the changes observed during aging is a prerequisite to design strategies to prevent age-related diseases. Aging is associated with metabolic changes, including alteration in the brain lipid metabolism. These alterations may contribute to the development of pathophysiological conditions. Modifications in the gut microbiota composition are also observed during aging. As communication axes exist between the gut microbiota and the brain and knowing that microbiota influences the host metabolism, we speculated on whether age-associated modifications in the gut microbiota could be involved in the lipid changes observed in aging brain. For that purpose, germ-free mice were colonized by the fecal microbiota of young or old donor mice. Lipid classes and fatty acid profiles were determined in the brain (cortex), plasma and liver by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel-coated quartz rods and gas chromatography. Gut colonization by microbiota of old mice resulted in a significant increase in total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and a significant decrease in the relative amounts of cholesterol and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the cortex. Among the eight most represented fatty acids in the cortex, the relative abundances of five (C18:1n-9, C22:6n-3, C20:4n-6, C18:1n-7, and C20:1n-9) were significantly altered in mice inoculated with an aged microbiota. Liquid chromatography analyses revealed that the relative abundance of major species among phosphatidyl and plasmenylcholine (PC 16:0/18:1), phosphatidyl and plasmenylethanolamine (PE 18:0/22:6), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE 22:6) and sphingomyelins (SM d18:1/18:0) were significantly altered in the cortex of mice colonized by the microbiota obtained from aged donors. Transplantation of microbiota from old mice also modified the lipid class and fatty acid content in the liver. Finally, we found that the expression of several genes involved in MUFA and PUFA synthesis (Scd1, Fads1, Fads2, Elovl2, and Elovl5) was dysregulated in mice inoculated with an Albouery et al.Microbiota Modulates Brain Lipid Composition aged microbiota. In conclusion, our data suggest that changes in gut microbiota that are associated with aging can impact brain and liver lipid metabolisms. Lipid changes induced by an aged microbiota recapitulate some features of aging, thus pointing out the potential role of microbiota alterations in the age-related degradation of the health status.

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“…Innumerable studies indicated that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota were related to the development of various diseases including obesity. 18 Lesser diversity and richness, increased ratio of the major phyla Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and changes in several bacterial species are common features of both obesity mice and human fecal samples. 10 Moreover, obese animals with gut dysbiosis often have impaired intestinal integrity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel role of hesperidin improve obesity in HFD mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota

Liu

Song

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Hesperidin is a plant-derived dihydroflavone derivatives with multiple pharmacological function. Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis. We examined the possibility that hesperidin may prevent diet-induced obesity by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were treated with hesperidin. Its effects on the gut microbiota were assessed by horizontal faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and 16S rDNA-based microbiota analysis.ResultsGut microbiota analysis revealed that hesperidin selectively promoted the growth of beneficial Lactobacillus salivarius and harmful Staphylococcus sciuri, Desulfovibrio C21_c20 and inhibiting beneficial Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Mucispirillum schaedleri and harmful Helicobacter ganmani , Helicobacter hepaticus . in HFD-fed mice. However, hesperidin reverses obesity, inflammation and improves gut integrity in HFD-fed mice. The anti-obesity effects and hesperidin-modulated Lactobacillus salivarius, Desulfovibrio C21_c20, Mucispirillum schaedleri and Helicobacter hepaticus were transmissible via horizontal faces transfer from hesperidin-treated mice to HFD-fed mice.Conclusions Hesperidin has a role to reduce body weight and reverse HFD-related disorders in HFD-fed mice by enriching some beneficial and inhibiting harmful microbes.

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Revisit gut microbiota and its impact on human health and disease

Cited by 220 publications

References 95 publications

Acetate coordinates neutrophil and ILC3 responses against C. difficile through FFAR2

Acetate coordinates neutrophil and ILC3 responses against C. difficile through FFAR2

Age-Related Changes in the Gut Microbiota Modify Brain Lipid Composition

Novel role of hesperidin improve obesity in HFD mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota

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