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Sexuality is a phenomenon affected by socio-cultural norms and because sexuality is still taboo in many cultures, research on this issue is limited. Though sexuality is very important issue in adults with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this study is to determine what skills are teached in the context of sexuality in studies and how these individuals perceive sexuality. The study is planned as a review study and firstly reveal that how the skills studied in the research on sexual life of adults with intellectual disabilities are categorized, and relationship between these skills and sexuality skills. Secondly, examined how adults with intellectual disabilities perceive sexuality based on literature. According to the findings of the research, independent life skills were studied in the context of sexuality skills with adults with intellectual disabilities. In the studies on literature, it was seen that adults with intellectual disabilities had positive and negative perceptions of sexuality. Positive perceptions of sexuality, desire to establish close relationships with the opposite sex, desire to exhibit sexual behaviors, desire to experience sexuality. Negative perceptions of sexuality are generally manifested by feelings of bad sexuality, fear, anxiety and reservations due to reasons such as sexual abuse, harassment, coercion, unwanted behaviors, unauthorized contact, and exposure to bad sexual discourse. Another perception of sexuality, adults with intellectual disabilities can not make sense of sexuality due to lack of information about sexuality. Finally, in the light of the research findings, recommendations were made for the practice and further researches regarding the sexual life of adults with intellectual disabilities.
Sexuality is a phenomenon affected by socio-cultural norms and because sexuality is still taboo in many cultures, research on this issue is limited. Though sexuality is very important issue in adults with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this study is to determine what skills are teached in the context of sexuality in studies and how these individuals perceive sexuality. The study is planned as a review study and firstly reveal that how the skills studied in the research on sexual life of adults with intellectual disabilities are categorized, and relationship between these skills and sexuality skills. Secondly, examined how adults with intellectual disabilities perceive sexuality based on literature. According to the findings of the research, independent life skills were studied in the context of sexuality skills with adults with intellectual disabilities. In the studies on literature, it was seen that adults with intellectual disabilities had positive and negative perceptions of sexuality. Positive perceptions of sexuality, desire to establish close relationships with the opposite sex, desire to exhibit sexual behaviors, desire to experience sexuality. Negative perceptions of sexuality are generally manifested by feelings of bad sexuality, fear, anxiety and reservations due to reasons such as sexual abuse, harassment, coercion, unwanted behaviors, unauthorized contact, and exposure to bad sexual discourse. Another perception of sexuality, adults with intellectual disabilities can not make sense of sexuality due to lack of information about sexuality. Finally, in the light of the research findings, recommendations were made for the practice and further researches regarding the sexual life of adults with intellectual disabilities.
Today's complex and fast-moving environment places the need for higher education educators to use flexible approaches in their teaching. Teaching may appear easy; the work is highly complex with many causes impacting the learning environment both internal and external. Every human being holds a worldview, and that worldview influences how students learn and how they present themselves. Learning how to navigate a student's worldview and helping the students themselves navigate their own worldview and those around them becomes an important task for teachers.
This study explored leadership behavior and practices of three academic program heads in higher education. The paper discusses the responses of three academic leaders in higher education institutions within the framework of adult learning, drawing specifically from adult learning theories including andragogy, transformation learning, experiential learning, and cognitive learning. The study employed a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interview format and observation in gathering data on the behavior of the leader. The academic program heads in a Mid-Western university in the United States of America responded to questions and their responses analyzed with a framework of selected adult learning theories. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and five themes emerged. The thematic analysis revealed five themes; 1) reflection/learning from experiences 2) coping with stress 3) feedback 4) linking relationships, positive environment, and achieving objectives 5) tangible outcomes as success/rewards of leadership. Also, the analysis reveals elements of transformational learning in the leaders' practices. The paper concludes with implications for leadership development in higher education. The study focused on the behavior of three academic program heads in a single university and the findings are not generalizable. In addition to other leadership competencies, leaders should be equipped with emotional intelligence. The study highlights the interconnectedness of leader behavior and adult learning theories, an area that has little attention in research on leadership in higher education.
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