Revisiting the bilingual advantage in attention in low SES Greek-Albanians: does the level of bilingual experience matter?

Vivas, Ana B.; Ladas, Aristea; Salvari, Vasiliki; Chrysochoou, Elisavet

doi:10.1080/23273798.2016.1271442

Cited by 18 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…One (Desideri and Bonifacci 2018) also reported faster RTs in the bilingual group. The exception, Vivas et al (2017), found no significant group differences and in fact reported monolingual advantage in overall RTs. However, when controlling for early vs. late bilingual acquisition, this monolingual advantage remained mathematically present but was no longer statistically significant.…”

Section: Young Adultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Bilingual versus monolingual group differences were not significant on measures of mean RT, alerting, or orienting, but showed credible non-zero values for differences in the executive network. All but one study (Vivas et al 2017) reported such executive differences between these two groups. Four studies reported faster RTs (Yang and Yang 2016;Tao et al 2011;Ooi et al 2018;Desideri and Bonifacci 2018) and three reported more efficient use of the alerting cue (Tao et al 2011;Sabourin and Vīnerte 2019;Marzecová et al 2013;Desideri and Bonifacci 2018) with bilingual participants.…”

Section: Young Adultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

Arora

Klein

2020

J Cult Cogn Sci

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Are there differences between bilinguals and monolinguals in non-linguistic cognitive processes related to attention? Recent interest in this question, which has a long history, was stimulated by ideas presented in Bialystok's 2001 book: Bilingualism in development: Language, literacy, and cognition. Because attention is a multi-faceted construct Costa et al. (Cognition 106(1):59-86, 2008, Cognition 113(2):135-149, 2009) sought to answer this question using the attention network test (ANT), a simple-toadminister tool that was designed to measure the efficacy of three attention networks: alerting, orienting and executive control. Using the ANT Database, a recently developed repository of data extracted from studies that have used the ANT to answer any question, we identified 16 papers that followed Costa's pioneering use of the ANT to address the question whether bilingualism is associated with differences in attention. In this paper we begin by reviewing the methods and findings from Costa's studies, and then report the results of three meta-analyses (conducted separately for children, young adults and middle-aged adults) of the data reported in these 16 papers. Whereas, there were no noteworthy effects of language status on alerting or orienting in any group, our meta-analysis of the studies that tested young adults revealed, in agreement with Costa et al. (2008) a bilingual advantage in executive control. A similar bilingual advantage was not observed in the other age groups.

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Section: Young Adultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Young Adultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

Arora

Klein

2020

J Cult Cogn Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Participants with low SES, particularly in young adult populations, are underrepresented in the literature on the bilingual advantage. However, one recent study has focused on non-linguistic executive control in Greek-Albanian young adult bilinguals from underprivileged social contexts, finding no bilingual advantage in interference control ( Vivas et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Socioeconomic Status as a Modulator of the Bilingual Advantage in Cognitive Ability

et al. 2018

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Between-group variability in socioeconomic status (SES) has been identified as a potentially important contributory factor in studies reporting cognitive advantages in bilinguals over monolinguals (the so called “bilingual advantage”). The present study addresses the potential importance of this alternative explanatory variable in a study of low and high SES bilingual and monolingual performance on the Simon task and the Tower of London (TOL) task. Results indicated an overall bilingual response time advantage on the Simon task, despite equivalent error rates. Socioeconomic status was an important modulator in this effect, with evidence that bilingualism may be particularly important in promoting speed of processing advantages in low status individuals but have little impact in high status individuals. However, there was a monolingual advantage on the TOL test of executive planning ability. Together, our findings run counter to the central assertion of the bilingual advantage account, that the process of multi-language acquisition confers a broad cognitive advantage in executive function. We discuss these findings in the context of SES as an important modulator in published studies advocating a bilingual cognitive advantage.

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“…Valian [30] reviewed a range of tasks that assessed executive functions and concluded that studies with children and young adults have shown weak and inconsistent effects. Non-language variables mainly socioeconomic status may also co-vary with bilingualism [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of language proficiency on proactive occulo-motor control among bilinguals

Singh

Kar

2018

PLoS ONE

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We examined the effect of language proficiency on the status and dynamics of proactive inhibitory control in an occulo-motor cued go-no-go task. The first experiment was designed to demonstrate the effect of second language proficiency on proactive inhibitory cost and adjustments in control by evaluating previous trial effects. This was achieved by introducing uncertainty about the upcoming event (go or no-go stimulus). High- and low- proficiency Hindi-English bilingual adults participated in the study. Saccadic latencies and errors were taken as the measures of performance. The results demonstrate a significantly lower proactive inhibitory cost and better up-regulation of proactive control under uncertainty among high- proficiency bilinguals. An analysis based on previous trial effects suggests that high- proficiency bilinguals were found to be better at releasing inhibition and adjustments in control, in an ongoing response activity in the case of uncertainty. To further understand the dynamics of proactive inhibitory control as a function of proficiency, the second experiment was designed to test the default versus temporary state hypothesis of proactive inhibitory control. Certain manipulations were introduced in the cued go-no-go task in order to make the upcoming go or no-go trial difficult to predict, which increased the demands on the implementation and maintenance of proactive control. High- proficiency bilinguals were found to rely on a default state of proactive inhibitory control whereas low- proficiency bilinguals were found to rely on temporary/transient proactive inhibition. Language proficiency, as one of the measures of bilingualism, was found to influence proactive inhibitory control and appears to modulate the dynamics of proactive inhibitory control.

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Revisiting the bilingual advantage in attention in low SES Greek-Albanians: does the level of bilingual experience matter?

Cited by 18 publications

References 79 publications

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

Comparing bilingual and monolingual performance on the attention network test: meta-analysis of a literature inspired by Albert Costa

The Importance of Socioeconomic Status as a Modulator of the Bilingual Advantage in Cognitive Ability

Effect of language proficiency on proactive occulo-motor control among bilinguals

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