RF-Rhythm: Secure and Usable Two-Factor RFID Authentication

Li, Jiawei; Wang, Chuyu; Li, Ang; Han, Dianqi; Zhang, Yan; Zuo, Jinhang; Zhang, Rui; Xie, Lihua

doi:10.1109/infocom41043.2020.9155427

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Other recent studies, such as those on Move2Auth [ 30 ] and RF-Rhythm [ 31 ], proposed approaches for device authentication that are based on a change in RF characteristics. These methods use changing patterns in RF characteristics to authenticate users who are in the vicinity.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

BackProx: Secure Backscatter-Assisted Proximity Detection for Passive Keyless Entry and Start Systems

Park

Hong

2023

Sensors

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A passive keyless entry and start (PKES) system is an electronic lock for an automobile that provides the great convenience of opening the door when the user is in proximity. However, the system suffers from relay attacks. Recent studies revealed that relayed signals result in valid packets that are sufficient to unlock doors. In particular, the adversary causes proximity errors by injecting a certain time delay before relaying to manipulate the phase rotation in the response signal. To this end, we present a novel relay-resilient proximity detection solution, BackProx, which uses pseudo-random frequency hopping with the assistance of a reference backscattering device. Since the relay adversary transmits the relayed signals from the key fob at long distances, the signals should propagate over longer distances, resulting in inevitable significant phase rotation with different frequencies. Inspired by this finding, BackProx uses an additional backscattering device to ensure the proximity of the key fob using the invariant characteristics of radio frequency signals in the physical layer (i.e., phase rotation). Our evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of BackProx in resisting three types of relay attacks. The results show that it achieved a 98% true positive rate at close range and a 0.3% false positive rate at long range.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

BackProx: Secure Backscatter-Assisted Proximity Detection for Passive Keyless Entry and Start Systems

Park

Hong

2023

Sensors

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“…Since the reader has prior knowledge of the variation in the CW, it is able to decode the backscatter signal while adding secrecy to the eavesdropper. Further, a two-factor authentication was proposed in [84] to secure RFID tags. The first authentication factor is generated by making a unique tapping on the tag by the user.…”

Section: B Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, The authors in [85] Secure AP with multi-antenna Assign fine grained signatures to legal and Accurately detect 97% of structure attacking devices at the AP using tags attacks [43] Exploit on-body signal propagation Develop algorithm to separate between Achieved 93.2% true positives to secure backscatter networks on-body and off-body signal in the and 3.18% false positives presence of noise [81] Secure backscatter tags with Generate noise and transmit with Achieved high secrecy rate which random artificial noise backscatter signal. And use SIC at increases with increase in tag-reader legal receiver channel gain and number of tags [82] Secure RFID systems with Create random carrier for modulation Defend against MIMO and randomization and randomly switch antenna to create non-MIMO attackers random channel [83] Secure RFID systems with Create random variations in the CW Increase secrecy of AmBC network randomization [84] Two-factor RFID tag Randomly create unique phase changes at Achieved near zero false positives security the tag. Authenticate using saved and false negatives sequence at the reader.…”

Section: B Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Backscatter Wireless Communications and Sensing in Green Internet of Things

Toro

Leung

2022

IEEE Trans. on Green Commun. Netw.

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Internet of Things (IoT) is a key technology for enabling ubiquitous applications that interconnect with cyberphysical systems in various environments. However, its large scale adoption is strongly impeded by the limited energy available for most IoT devices that are battery-powered, and further challenged by the growing demands to pack increasing functionalities into IoT devices while shrinking their sizes. To address these problems, researchers have developed techniques for energy harvesting, wireless power transfer, and minimizing power consumption in the sensing, communication and computation components of IoT nodes, as found in many surveys. In contrast, this paper surveys Backscatter Communication (BackCom), a recently emerged technique that enables green IoT through joint wireless communication and sensing and potentially allows IoT devices to operate without batteries. The operating principle of BackCom-based green IoT, its architecture and evolution are presented. Also state-of-the-art applications such as healthcare, agriculture, human activity recognition, transportation and mobile IoT are reviewed together with the operational and security challenges faced by these applications and potential solution techniques to address these challenges while ensuring a high energy efficiency. Lastly, some future applications of BackCombased green IoT are discussed.

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“…RF-Cloak could defend against MIMO and non-MIMO attackers. Similarly, two-factor authentication was proposed in RF-Rhythm (Li et al, 2020a) to secure RFID tags. The first-factor authentication is generated by making a special tapping on the tag by the user.…”

Section: Security Of Bbwsmentioning

confidence: 99%