RFiof

Abstract

Given the maintenance of Moore's law behavior, core count is expected to continue growing, which keeps demanding more memory bandwidth destined to feed them. Memory controller (MC) scalability is crucial to achieve these bandwidth needs, but constrained by I/O pin scaling. In this study, we introduce RFiof, a radio-frequency (RF) memory approach to address I/O pin constraints which restrict MC scalability in off-chip-memory systems, while keeping interconnection energy at lower levels.In this paper, we model, design, and demonstrate how RFiof achieves high MC I/O pin scalability for different memory technology generations, while evaluating its area and power/energy impact. By introducing the novel concept of RFpins -to replace traditional MC I/O pins, using RFMCs -MCs coupled to RF transmitters (TX) / receivers (RX), while employing a minimal RF-path between RFMC and ranks, we demonstrate that for a 32-out-of-order multicore configured with off-chip DDR3-ranks with a 1:1 coreto-MC ratio, RFiof presents a scalable 4-RFpin-magnitude per RFMC -comparable to pin-scalable optical solutionsand is able to respectively improve bandwidth and performance by up to 7.2x and 8.6x, compared to the traditional baseline -constrained to MC I/O pin counts. Furthermore, RFiof reduces about 65.6% of MC area usage, and 80% of memory-path energy interconnection.

A vida social das Colchas e outros bens indo-portugueses: seus usos e valor para lá do comércio (séculos XVI-XVIII)

“…Outros godrins podiam ainda servir de almofadados de palanquim, como aconteceu no caso do governador Pereira do Lago. 75 Percebemos também que grande parte desses europeus, certamente influenciados pela tradição local, nutriu grande estima pelas colchas bordadas indianas mais exuberantes e coloridas. Parece ter sido a preferência do provedor-mor da Fazenda Real João Francisco Delgado que, entre a roupa de serviço de sua casa, contava "uma colcha de cetim amarelo bordada de retrós de várias cores, forrada de tafetá branco e guarnecida com franja de retrós", e ainda "uma colcha de chita fina da Índia forrada de parcaló (um tecido de algodão fino e lustroso), toda guarnecida com franja de galão".…”