Rhizoctonia Associated with Forest Trees

Hietala, Ari M.; Sen, Robin

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2901-7_32

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In contrast, isolates grouped into Clades II to IV are most often associated with woody plant hosts and have been previously shown to cause root and stem diseases of ornamental plant species (Hietala and Sen 1996; Hyakumachi et al 2005). Clade V is composed of isolates of Thanatephorus spp., AG-5 and AG-7 that are predominantly described as non-aggressive pathogens of apple, legumes, sugar beet, and potato (e.g., Lehtonen et al 2008; Mazzola et al 1996, 1997; Sneh et al 1991; Windels et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of Rhizoctonia fungi within the Cantharellales

et al. 2016

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Phylogenetic relationships of Rhizoctonia fungi within the order Cantharellales were studied using sequence data from portions of the ribosomal DNA cluster regions ITS-LSU, rpb2, tef1 and atp6 for 50 taxa, and public sequence data from the rpb2 locus for 165 taxa. Data sets were analyzed individually and combined using Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Phylogenetic Inference methods. All analyses supported the monophyly of the family Ceratobasidiaceae, which comprises the genera Ceratobasidium and Thanatephorus. Multi-locus analysis revealed 10 well supported monophyletic groups that were consistent with previous separation into anastomosis groups based on hyphal fusion criteria. This analysis coupled with analyses of a larger sample of 165 rpb2 sequences of fungi in the Cantharellales supported a sister relationship between the Botryobasidiaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae and a sister relationship of the Tulasnellaceae with the rest of the Cantharellales. The inclusion of additional sequence data did not clarify incongruences observed in previous studies of Rhizoctonia fungi in the Cantharellales based on analyses of a single or multiple genes. The diversity of ecological and morphological characters associated with these fungi requires further investigation on character evolution for re-evaluating homologous and homoplasious characters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of Rhizoctonia fungi within the Cantharellales

et al. 2016

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“…In these studies, UnR isolates were found to kill seedlings or significantly reduce their root biomass and root length after 2.5–5 month growth. Thus, the prevalence of UnR in both open‐field beds supporting bare‐root seedlings and in fertilized containerized peat‐based seedling stock suggest that present nursery cultivation and management practices favour the survival and spread of this fungal pathogen (Hietala & Sen, 1996). These seedling cultivation conditions, involving NPK fertilization and fungicide/pesticide application (Lilja et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identified causal agents are mainly fungi in the genera Pythium , Fusarium and Rhizoctonia . Phytopathogenic fungi that attack nursery conifer seedlings with anamorphs typical of Rhizoctonia are mainly characterized by multinucleate and binucleate hyphae and have been, respectively, ascribed to two main teleomorphic genera – Thanatephorus and Ceratobasidium (Hietala & Sen, 1996). These root pathogenic fungi not only contribute to lost seedling production in the nursery but are also likely to continue to kill nursery seedling transplants in out‐planting sites prepared for reforestation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…, 1992; Hietala et al. , 1994; Hietala, 1995; Hietala & Sen, 1996). The two Rhizoctonia groupings have been isolated from the roots of healthy seedlings and those showing root dieback symptoms that are typically characterized by stunted shoot growth, shoot wilt, needle discolouration and poor lateral root development with abundant dark lesions.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…, 2001). By contrast to the UnR, the binucleate Rhizoctonia (BnR), do not negatively influence conifer seedling growth (Hietala & Sen, 1996). BnR were shown to be genetically related to both the root rot causing fungi in AG‐I ( Ceratobasidium cornigerum ) and symbiotic orchid mycorrhizal Ceratorhiza spp.…”

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Multitrophic interactions between a Rhizoctonia sp. and mycorrhizal fungi affect Scots pine seedling performance in nursery soil

Sen

2001

New Phytologist

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Abstract• Interspecific variation in ectomycorrhizal fungal (ECMF) control of a root pathogenic uninucleate Rhizoctonia sp. (UnR) was identified in vitro and in planta .• Fungal-fungal and host-fungal interactions were assessed in direct confrontation and cell-free assays, the rhizosphere of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) seedling radicles and seedling mycorrhizospheres developed in N-limited nursery soil.• Isolates of Suillus bovinus inhibited UnR growth although no agar-diffusable fungicidal activity was detected. Presence of nonsymbiotic ECMF mycelia did not prevent UnR colonization of radicle apices and the onset of damping-off symptoms. Seedlings hosting S. bovinus mycorrhizas and extensive extramatrical mycelium showed vigorous and healthy shoot growth after a 168-d UnR challenge. Root biomass of Wilcoxina mikolae and Paxillus involutus colonized seedlings were negatively affected by both low soil nutrient status and UnR exposure. However, UnR was isolated from long and mycorrhizal short roots in all ECMF coinoculation treatments.• The differential responses highlight multitrophic host-fungal interaction dynamics that require further characterization in the development of 'efficient' UnR biological control solutions utilizing mycorrhizal fungal inoculants.

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Endophytes of Forest Trees

Pirttilä¹,

Frank²

2011

Forestry Sciences

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Endophytes are organisms that live at least parts of their life cycle asymptomatically within the plant tissue. Endophytic fungi include new species as well as latent pathogens and dormant saprophytes. The estimated high species diversity of endophytes and their adaptation to various plant habitats presumes a rich and almost untapped source of new secondary metabolites, some of which might become useful leads for pharmaceutical or agricultural applications. Forests are large reservoirs for fungal diversity, covering 30.3% of the land area in the world. This chapter focuses on bioactive natural compounds, which were isolated from tree endophytes described from 2007 on. Furthermore, an overview is given on research efforts of pharmaceutically significant plant compounds produced by endophytic fungi, namely: taxol, camptothecin, as well as podophyllotoxin and derivatives. In addition, recent literature on endophytes and the biological activity of their extracts is cited. Abbreviations ITSinternal transcribed spacer MIC minimal inhibitory concentration IC 50 half maximal inhibitory concentration HIV human immunodeficiency virus VOC volatile organic compound A. Schueffler ( ) • T. Anke

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Rhizoctonia Associated with Forest Trees

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Phylogenetic relationships of Rhizoctonia fungi within the Cantharellales

Phylogenetic relationships of Rhizoctonia fungi within the Cantharellales

Multitrophic interactions between a Rhizoctonia sp. and mycorrhizal fungi affect Scots pine seedling performance in nursery soil

Endophytes of Forest Trees

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