Rhizome dynamics and resource storage in Phragmites australis

Granéli, Wilhelm; Weisner, Stefan E. B.; Sytsma, Mark D.

doi:10.1007/bf00244929

Cited by 105 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ralph et al 1992). The dynamics of this carbohydrate pool has been extensively demonstrated for clonal terrestrial plants, such as Phragmites australis (Graneli et al 1992), Rumex alpinus (Klimes et al 1993), Clitonia borealis (Ashmun et al 1982) and Fragaria chiloensis (Alpert & Mooney 1986). The storage capacity of clonal plants is higher for large plants with thick and long-lived rhizomes than for small ones with thin and short-lived rhizomes (Ashmun et al 1982 (Tomasko & Dawes 1990), depends on the distance that resources must travel and on rhizome longevity (Pitelka ei Ashmun 1985).…”

Section: Time (Months)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…amplify) plant growth when the conditions for growth become favourable (in the spring). Similarly, the rhizomes of Zostera marina (3.5 mm, Duarte 1991) live for 1.5 yr (Duarte 1991) and should also allow for some storage of resources to amplify the plant response to seasonal variability under favourable growth conditions, as has been demonstrated for reeds (Phragmites australis, Graneli et al 1992). Conversely, the thin (1.3 mm, Duarte 1991) and short-lived ( < l yr) rhizomes of Z. noltii should have a very limited storage of resources from one year to another.…”

Section: Time (Months)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth patterns of Western Mediterranean seagrasses:species-specific responses to seasonal forcing

Marbà¹,

Cebrián²,

Enríquez³

et al. 1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

165

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ABSTRACT. The seasonal growth pattern of the 4 seagrass species occurring in the NW Mediterranean (i.e. Cymodocea nodosa, Zostera noltii, 2. marina, Posidonla oceanica) was studied in populat~ons growing in the same locality (Cala Jonquet, Girona, NE Spain), and thus experiencing the same seasonal (i.e. temperature and light) forcing, to evaluate the contnbution of species-specific responses to seagrass growth seasonality. C. nodosa, 2. noltij, and Z marina showed comparable growth patterns as indicated by significant correlations of growth across species (cross correlation, r > 0.54, p < 0 05) This result provlded evidence of a similarity in the response of these species to seasonal forcing. The seasonal pattern of P. oceanica resembled that of the other species in shoot weight, shoot elongat~on, and ramet recruitment, whereas it differed in internode weight and rhizome elongation. Despite some similarities in seasonal growth patterns, the patterns were lagged by 1 to 2 mo across species, and the magnitude of seasonal growth fluctuations was species-dependent. Species-specific responses of seagrasses to climate forcing should be related to differences in the capacity of the plants to store resources and to the extent of ramet integration among species, both processes being closely related to plant size. Large seagrasses (e g. oceanica), with thick and long-living rhizomes, should be able to store more photoassimilates and to transport them over longer distances than small plants (e.g. C. nodosa), with thinner and shorter-11v1ng riuzomes. Large species should, therefore, be able to grow more independently of env~ronmental conditions than small ones. Moreover, C. nodosa showed the greatest response to temperature fluctuat~ons whereas 2, marina growth was strongly coupled to seasonal l~g h t conditions, indicating d~fferent plant sensitivity to climate fluctuations among species. This study confirms the great var~ability In seagrass seasonality possible under similar seasonal forcing, and demonstrates that seagrass seasonality has both an extrinsic component, dependent on seasonal forcing of light and temperature, and an intrinsic component. The intnnsic component of seagrass seasonality likely involves a differential capacity of the species to regulate the internal resource economy which may buffer, or amplify, the external seasonal forcing.

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Section: Time (Months)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Time (Months)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth patterns of Western Mediterranean seagrasses:species-specific responses to seasonal forcing

Marbà¹,

Cebrián²,

Enríquez³

et al. 1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

165

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“…Crawford, 1992), spring sprouting (this study) and the eHiciency of oxygen transport to, and utilization of oxygen by, roots, and the storage of carbohydrates during summer (Weistier, 1988;Graneli, Weisner & Sytsma, 1992). However, morphological adaptations might be important as well.…”

Section: Ecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate utilization in submerged Scirpus maritimus L. during spring growth

1995

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SUMMARYThe importance of underwater photosynthesis and the use of reserve-carhohydrates were assessed in submerged Scirpus maritimtis L. during spring growth. Submerged plants were grown in outdoor ponds (90 cm deep) using different initial tuber sizes (mean 8-9 and 16-2 g f. wt) and different light treatments (0, 40, 70 and 100'\, of full daylight). After shoot emergence the recovery frotn shading and darkness was studied.The period of submerged growth lasted 9 wk. During this period the ineat-i relative growth rate (RGR) was independently affected hy shading and tuher size. At the end of this period dry weight of plants grown in darkness was only 50 "i, of that of plants grown in full daylight or shade (70 or 40 "" of full daylight), whereas that of plants from small tubers was only 67 % of that from large ones. As a result plants grown fron-i small tubers in darkness had only 33 % of the dry weight of those grown from large tubers in full daylight or shade.Despite these large differences in total dry weight at the end of the submerged period, shoot length remained unafleeted hy shading and tuher size. Shoots grown in darkness were strongly etiolated, with a slower rate of leaf appearance, but with longer leaves, than those grown in full daylight or shade. Only after emergence was shoot length as well as dry matter production greater in plants grown previously in full daylight or shade than in darkness, and greater in plants grown from large than from small tubers.During the submerged period, the relative depletion rate of reserve-carbohydrates increased with time but remained unaffected by shading and tuber size. The reserve-carbohydrates were replenished after plants etnerged.It was concluded that both underwater photosynthesis and tuber size had a large impact on total drv matter production in S. mciritimus. They did not, however, affect the ability of 5. maritimus to emerge frotn 90 em deep water.

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“…During the growing season, belowground tissues absorb nutrients for growth. When reeds senesce, the aboveground part dies and translocates some nutrients to the belowground part, if they are not harvested (Juneau and Tarasoff, 2013), and the belowground part enters dormancy and stores nutrients for new tissues in the next year (Granéli et al, 1992;Juneau and Tarasoff, 2013).…”

Section: Nutrient Balance Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the aboveground part will be harvested after the growing season, while the belowground part will be retained in the lake. Some tissues of the belowground part will die and release nutrients, and others will be dormant until the next growing season (Chapin et al, 1990;Granéli et al, 1992). According to research by Granéli et al (1992), the rhizome mortality of reeds is about 30 %, and the release of their nutrients should be considered in this study.…”

Section: Nutrient Balance Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimisation approach for shallow lake restoration through macrophyte management

Yin

Zhang

2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Lake eutrophication is a serious global environmental issue. Phytoremediation is a promising, costeffective, and environmentally friendly technology for water quality restoration. However, besides nutrient removal, macrophytes also deeply affect the hydrologic cycle of a lake system through evapotranspiration. Changes in hydrologic cycle caused by macrophytes have a great influence on lake water quality restoration. As a result of the two opposite effects of macrophytes on water quality restoration (i.e. an increase in macrophytes can increase nutrient removal and improve water quality while also increasing evapotranspiration, reducing water volume and consequently decreasing water quality), rational macrophyte control through planting and harvest is very important. In this study, a new approach is proposed to optimise the initial planting area and monthly harvest scheme of macrophytes for water quality restoration. The month-by-month effects of macrophyte management on lake water quality are considered. Baiyangdian Lake serves as a case study, using the common reed. It was found that water quality was closest to Grade III on the Chinese water quality scale when the reed planting area was 123 km 2 (40 % of the lake surface area) and most reeds would be harvested at the end of June. The optimisation approach proposed in this study will be a useful reference for lake restoration.

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Rhizome dynamics and resource storage in Phragmites australis

Cited by 105 publications

References 26 publications

Growth patterns of Western Mediterranean seagrasses:species-specific responses to seasonal forcing

Growth patterns of Western Mediterranean seagrasses:species-specific responses to seasonal forcing

Growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate utilization in submerged Scirpus maritimus L. during spring growth

An optimisation approach for shallow lake restoration through macrophyte management

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