RhoA/ROCK Pathway Activation is Regulated by AT1 Receptor and Participates in Smooth Muscle Migration and Dedifferentiation via Promoting Actin Cytoskeleton Polymerization

Qi, Yan; Liang, Xiuying; Guan, Haijing; Sun, Jingwen; Yao, Wenjuan

doi:10.3390/ijms21155398

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The components contained in ginger may regulate actin assembly and cell migration via the Akt-mTOR pathway. However, there are many other signal cascades that control cytoskeletal polymerization and cell migration other than Akt-mTOR pathway, e.g., Rho-A/Rho-kinase signaling pathway ( 27 , 28 ). The impact of GPE on actin assembly- and cell migration-related signal cascades other than Akt-mTOR pathway should be investigated in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginger facilitates cell migration and heat tolerance in mouse fibroblast cells

et al. 2021

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The components of ginger root ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) are widely used for various medicinal purposes. Several bioactive compounds have been identified in ginger, including 6-, 8- and 10-gingerols, and 6-shogaol, which are agonists of the thermo-sensors transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel subfamily V member 1 and TRP ankyrin 1. Our previous study demonstrated that ginger powder may affect human metabolism in vivo . However, the effects of the bioactive compounds of ginger on cells have not been completely elucidated. The present study investigated whether ginger powder extracts could modify cell functions in mouse fibroblast cells. The active components of ginger powder extracts were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography. The activation of protein kinases, actin assembly, cell migration, expression levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and cell viability after heat shock were analyzed in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. Subsequently, 6-, 8-, 10- and 12-gingerols, as well as 6-, 8- and 10-shogaols, were detected in ginger powder extracts. The levels of phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, ERK and p38 MAPK increased after a 10-min stimulation with ginger powder extracts. In addition, HSP expression levels, lamellipodia formation occurring at cell edges, cell migration and tolerance against heat shock were facilitated following ginger powder extract stimulation. These results suggest that ginger modified cell functions, including actin assembly and heat tolerance, in vitro .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginger facilitates cell migration and heat tolerance in mouse fibroblast cells

et al. 2021

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“…Although the mitochondrial respiratory chain is the major source of intracellular ROS in animal cells, VSMCs contain various sources of ROS, including xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase, nitric oxide synthases, NADPH oxidases, and heme oxygenases [39]. In addition, ROS can impact the signaling of a variety of molecular targets that participate in VSMC migration, including target proteins associated with extracellular matrix degradation [40], the formation of FA complexes [41], and cytoskeleton dynamics [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization

Lim

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundEpidemiological studies have suggested that elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM) are strongly associated with the incidence of atherosclerosis; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis by PM exposure and the components that are mainly responsible for this adverse effect remain to be established. In this investigation, we evaluated the effects of ambient PM on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behavior. In addition, the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including oxygenated PAHs (oxy-PAHs), on VSMC migration and the underlying mechanisms were examined.ResultsVSMC migration was significantly increased by treatment with ambient PM. The total amount of PAHs contained in WPM was higher than that in SPM, leading to higher ROS generation and VSMC migration. The increased migration was successfully inhibited by treatment with the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). The levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 were significantly increased in ambient PM-treated VSMCs, with MMP9 levels being significantly higher in WPM-treated VSMCs than in those treated with SPM. As expected, migration was significantly increased in all tested PAHs (anthracene, ANT; benz(a)anthracene, BaA) and their oxygenated derivatives (9,10-Anthraquinone, AQ; 7,12-benz(a)anthraquinone, BAQ, respectively). The phosphorylated levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and formation of the focal adhesion complex were significantly increased in ambient PM or PAH-treated VSMCs, and these effects were blocked by administration of NAC or a-NF, an inhibitor of AhR, the receptor that allows PAH uptake. Subsequently, the levels of phosphorylated Src and NRF, the downstream targets of FAK, were altered with a pattern similar to that of p-FAK.ConclusionsPAHs, including oxy-PAHs, in ambient PM may have dual effects that lead to an increase in VSMC migration. One is the generation of ROS followed by MMP upregulation, and the other is actin reorganization that results from the activation of the focal adhesion complex.

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“…It helps keep the cell viable and maintains its morphology, partly by controlling the stress fibers and focal adhesions. This consequently limits the differentiation and autolysis of cells [47,48].…”

Section: Rho-kinase (Rock) Inhibitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of mRNA Vaccine: An Analysis of Two Types of Vectors

Ohanube¹,

Uchejeso²

2021

Int j pharm phytopharm res

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In this research, the messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine has proven to be the best vaccine among all others against the Coronavirus disease of 2019, such that the Food and Drug Administration recently gave it full approval. This approval is made possible due to its clinical efficacy, the rare occasion of insertional mutagenesis associated with it, and the absence of anti-vector immunity. Also, its rapid production process gives it an added advantage over conventional DNA vaccines. A literature review was carried out based on available literature online. This review elaborates on the steps involved in the in vitro generation of the messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine. An example is made using a plasmid that contains both the receptor-binding domain found in the spike protein of the Coronavirus and the super folder green fluorescent protein. The use of a viral vector in making these vaccines is also added as a note for additional knowledge.

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RhoA/ROCK Pathway Activation is Regulated by AT1 Receptor and Participates in Smooth Muscle Migration and Dedifferentiation via Promoting Actin Cytoskeleton Polymerization

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Ginger facilitates cell migration and heat tolerance in mouse fibroblast cells

Ginger facilitates cell migration and heat tolerance in mouse fibroblast cells

Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization

Generation of mRNA Vaccine: An Analysis of Two Types of Vectors

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