Rice deprivation affects rice cravings in Japanese people

Komatsu, Sakura; Kyutoku, Yasushi; Dan, Ippeita; Aoyama, Kenjiro

doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2015.06.007

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, the psychological and physiological mechanisms that underlie the craving-reducing effects of such interventions are unclear ( Kahathuduwa et al, 2017 ). Increases in food cravings during selective, hedonic deprivation as found in the current study and in prior studies ( Coelho et al, 2006 ; Moreno-Domínguez et al, 2012 ; Blechert et al, 2014b ; Komatsu et al, 2015 ) suggest that decreases in food cravings during energy-restricting food deprivation may be due to homeostatic changes that override hedonic processes. For example, caloric restriction may alter homeostatic gut–brain communication that results in decreased food cravings and these changes appear to be more dominant than hedonic deprivation effects that would have led to increased food cravings in the absence of an energy deficit.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Only few studies focused on the effects of a selective hedonic deprivation , that is deprivation of a desired food in the absence of a caloric deficit and hence unchanged homeostatic state. For instance, a recent study addressed the effects of a selective rice deprivation on cravings for rice, which is a staple but often craved food in Japan ( Komatsu et al, 2015 ). Participants who were instructed to abstain from eating rice (but otherwise to keep a balanced diet) reported higher rice cravings than non-deprived participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Chocolate Deprivation on Implicit and Explicit Evaluation of Chocolate in High and Low Trait Chocolate Cravers

et al. 2017

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Diet failures are often attributed to an increase in cravings for attractive foods. However, accumulating evidence shows that food cravings actually decrease during energy-restricting weight-loss interventions. The current study aimed at elucidating possible mechanisms that may explain how and under which circumstances food cravings in- or decrease during dieting. Specifically, decreases in food cravings during weight-loss diets may be due to effects of energy restriction (homeostatic changes) and to effects of avoiding specific foods (hedonic changes). Thus, we used a selective, hedonic deprivation (i.e., restricting intake of a specific food in the absence of an energy deficit) that precludes homeostatic changes due to energy restriction. Furthermore, interindividual differences in food craving experiences might affect why some individuals are more prone to experience cravings during dieting than others. Thus, we investigated whether a selective deprivation of chocolate would in- or decrease craving and implicit preference for chocolate as a function of trait-level differences in chocolate craving. Participants with high and low trait chocolate craving (HC, LC) refrained from consuming chocolate for 2 weeks but otherwise maintained their usual food intake. Both groups underwent laboratory assessments before and after deprivation, each including explicit (i.e., state chocolate craving) and implicit measures (i.e., Single Category Implicit Association Test, SC-IAT; Affect Misattribution Procedure, AMP). Results showed that hedonic deprivation increased state chocolate craving in HCs only. HCs also showed more positive implicit attitudes toward chocolate than LCs on the SC-IAT and the AMP irrespective of deprivation. Results help to disambiguate previous studies on the effects of dieting on food cravings. Specifically, while previous studies showed that energy-restricting diets appear to decrease food cravings, the current study showed that a selective, hedonic deprivation in the absence of an energy deficit increases food cravings. However, this effect can only be observed for individuals with high trait craving levels. Thus, if attractive foods are strictly avoided through a selective deprivation, HCs are at risk to experience craving bouts in the absence of an energy deficit. As implicit preference was unaffected by chocolate deprivation, strong implicit preference for chocolate likely characterize a stable mechanism that drives consumption in HCs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chocolate Deprivation on Implicit and Explicit Evaluation of Chocolate in High and Low Trait Chocolate Cravers

et al. 2017

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The Psychology of Food Cravings: the Role of Food Deprivation

Meule

2020

Curr Nutr Rep

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Purpose of Review Dieting is often blamed for causing food cravings. Such diet-induced cravings may be mediated by physiological (e.g., nutritional deprivation) or psychological (e.g., ironic effects of food thought suppression) mechanisms. However, this notion is often based on cross-sectional findings and, thus, the causal role of food deprivation on food cravings is unclear. Recent Findings Experimental studies suggest that a short-term, selective food deprivation seems to indeed increase cravings for the avoided foods. However, experimental studies also show that food craving can be understood as a conditioned response that, therefore, can also be unlearned. This is supported by intervention studies which indicate that long-term energy restriction results in a reduction of food cravings in overweight adults. Summary Dieting's bad reputation for increasing food cravings is only partially true as the relationship between food restriction and craving is more complex. While short-term, selective food deprivation may indeed increase food cravings, long-term energy restriction seems to decrease food cravings, suggesting that food deprivation can also facilitate extinction of conditioned food craving responses.

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