Rice Farming and the Origins of Cooperative Behaviour

Abstract

This paper provides novel evidence for links between historic farming practices and current norms of cooperative behaviour. We hypothesise that the cooperation required in wetland rice farming gives rise to strong cultural norms of cooperativeness. We compare participants from prefecture cities that predominately practice wetland rice cultivation, to those from non-rice regions. A public goods game with and without punishment is the main measure for cooperative behaviour. Results indicate a strong and robust positive effect of wetland rice farming on cooperative behaviour and pro-social punishment. Complementary, consistent evidence from a natural field experiment and a survey further enriches our data.

Beyond cultural norms: how does historical rice farming affect modern firms' family control?

“…2019; Zhou et al . 2023). Therefore we expect a positive relationship between a prefecture's rice suitability index and its Rice ratio , which is also verified below by the first‐stage estimations.…”