Rice Grain, a Rich Source of Natural Bioactive Compounds

Das, Gitishree

doi:10.21162/pakjas/17.2973

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Rice is one of the main staple foods worldwide. Rice grain is rich in a number of bioactive compounds including ferulic acid, phytosterols and oryzanol, but can also contain heavy metals such as Cd, Hg, and Pb [ 11 , 12 ]. Also, wheat is a major source of various vitamins, metals, nutrients, dietary fiber, and supplies the human body with considerable amounts of fat [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Mohamed

Haris

Brima

2017

IJERPH

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Exposure of the inhabitants of Najran area in Saudi Arabia to the toxic elements As, Cd, Cr, and Pb through foods has not been previously investigated. Exposure to such elements is an important public health issue, so the study described here was performed with the aim of determining estimated dietary intakes (EDIs) for these metals in Najran area. The As, Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations in four staple foods (rice, wheat, red meat, and chicken) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed by 80 study participants. These data were used to estimate dietary intakes of the metals in the four staple foods. The mean As, Cd, Cr, and Pb EDIs in the four food types were 1.1 × 10−6–2.6 × 10−5, 1.42 × 10−5–2.2 × 10−4, 3.4 × 10−4–8.0 × 10−4, and 2.3 × 10−5–2.1 × 10−3 mg/kg bw day, respectively. Hazard Quotients (HQ) for all elements did not exceed one. The highest Pb concentration was found for chicken and the source of this toxic element in this food needs to be investigated in the future. The lowest As concentration was found for wheat highest in rice. The EDIs for all elements in the four food types were below the provisional tolerable weekly intakes set by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Mohamed

Haris

Brima

2017

IJERPH

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“…The phenolic acids, primarily ferulic acid and coumaric acid, make up most of the phenols in rice kernels with a light brown husk [28]. These phenolic compounds contain a variety of crucial biological properties that are advantageous to human health, including antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory [28]. The IC50 value was found to be between 1.18 and 2.00 mg/mL in the extracts of all 6 cultivars of Khao-Mao.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…White rice (Oryza sativa L. 9311), exhibited a total phenolic content (soluble-free, soluble-conjugated, and insoluble-bound) of 0.40 mg gallic acid equivalent/g rice grain at completely mature stages [27]. The phenolic acids, primarily ferulic acid and coumaric acid, make up most of the phenols in rice kernels with a light brown husk [28]. These phenolic compounds contain a variety of crucial biological properties that are advantageous to human health, including antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory [28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Young Flattened Rice (Khao-Mao)

Preecharram

Posoongnoen²,

Thummawongsa³

et al. 2023

Trends Sci

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Khao-Mao producer group in Thailand’s Nakhon Phanom province’s Phon Sawan district, Na Hua Bo sub-district is a community that has produced Khao-Mao according to conventional wisdom, for a very long time. Khao-Mao has an emerald, green color, fragrant, delicate texture, and delicious taste, however the essential nutritional facts are not provided. Consequently, this study’s goal was to evaluate nutritional values by proximate analysis. All 6 types of young flattened rice-: Laos Wan, Kor Khor 6(RD6), Ai Lueng, San Pa Tong, Yee Pun, and Hom Nang Nuan have phenolic compounds by Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant properties by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. According to the findings, rice's primary constituents are carbohydrates, which range from 69.76 to 73.07 %, protein, which ranges from 4.79 to 6.11 %, crude fat, which ranges from 1.68 to 2.22 %, fiber, which ranges from 0.00 to 0.03 % moisture, which ranges from 17.96 to 21.31 %, and ash, which ranges from 1.13 to 1.70 %. The San Pa Tong Khao-Mao has the highest 6.11% of protein content. Ai Lueng Khao-Mao has the greatest levels of total phenolic compounds, 0.79 mg/g dry weight. The DPPH radical scavenging assay test was used to measure the antioxidant activity. Their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value falls between 1.18 and 2.00 mg/mL. The Hom Nang Nuan Khao-Mao has the lowest 1.18 mg/mL of IC50. According to the study’s findings, this community’s Khao-Mao has good nutritional and antioxidant properties. HIGHLIGHTS Khao-Mao has high proximate composition and high energy value Khao-Mao has relatively high quantities of protein and phenolic compounds Khao-Mao is a dish with a high-level antioxidant activity GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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“…There are different types of micronutrients available in rice bran like oryzanols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, 20% oil, 15% protein including 50% carbohydrates. Presence of dietary fibers like beta‐glucan, pectin, and gum is also reported (Das, Patra, Choi, & Baek, 2017; Lavanya, Saikiran, & Venkatachalapathy, 2019). Scientific report suggest the elevated nutritious nature of bran part of rice has the potency to be a useful food add‐on which contains dietary fibers that bear good laxative properties (Sohail, Rakha, Butt, Iqbal, & Rashid, 2017; Zhao et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Nutrient Composition and Bioactive Compounds Present In Whmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic properties of rice and wheat bran—A review

et al. 2020

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A large amount of agricultural wastes is being dumped each year and utilized as animal fodder or biogas production or for compost matter. But if properly processed, the by-products available from them can be used effectively for human consumption which exhibits their more or less lucrative value (Wani, Dar, Gull, & Ariana, 2020). An unprecedented amount of agricultural wastes of almost around 1,000 million tons is produced globally and is getting hiked by 5% annually. The recent trend of its usage has been escalated by increasing the nutritional value of products and making it ready-to-eat for humans, though not sufficient, due to some censorious challenges in the near future. There is a huge growth in the population and hence an additional demand of food has raised the concern of food security. This food loss is not only due to post-harvest loss (PHL) but the loss of collective agro-wastes from milling industries in a large extent that remain unnoticed, and hence are mainly utilized for animal fodder or for other industrial purposes. Some well-known and consumable food crops are rice and wheat, including many other cereals and pulses. The available by-products such as husk and bran can also be used in health complications and therapeutic purposes, and thus have multiple values. (Chakraborty & Budhwar, 2019;

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Rice Grain, a Rich Source of Natural Bioactive Compounds

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Young Flattened Rice (Khao-Mao)

Antidiabetic properties of rice and wheat bran—A review

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