Richard Owen, Description of the Skeleton of an Extinct Gigantic Sloth, Mylodon Robustus, With Observations on the Osteology, Natural Affinities, and Probable Habits of the Megatherioid Quadrupeds in General

Frost, Mark

doi:10.4324/9780429355653-43

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…2C, 3C), but to a lesser extent than observed in Glossotherium tropicorum (De Iuliis et al, 2017), G. phoenesis (Cartelle et al, 2019), Pleurolestodon acutidens (FMNH P14495), and Simomylodon uccasamamensis . The rostrum height of G. chapadmalense is almost at the level of the cranial roof, being in this regard similar to the conformation observed in G. robustum (Owen, 1842) and P. harlani (Stock, 1925).…”

Section: Comparative Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The Mf2 and Mf3 of G. chapadmalense are irregularly lobate and obliquely elongate, both typical features of Mylodontini (Gaudin, 2004;. In all the observed specimens, the apicobasal sulcus, located on the medial side of these teeth, is well developed in Mf2 and almost absent in Mf3, resembling the condition of G. robustum, G. phoenesis, and G. wegneri (Owen, 1842;Cartelle et al, 2019;De Iuliis et al, 2020). The apicobasal sulcus on Mf3 is more strongly defined in Paramylodon, Pleurolestodon, and Simomylodon (Rovereto, 1914;Stock, 1925;Robertson, 1976;, and in G. tropicorum (but this condition could be related to ontogeny; De Iuliis et al, 2017).…”

Section: Comparative Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…2B, 3B) as is typical for mylodontines (Gaudin, 2004;. In dorsal view, the nasals are narrow in their middle portion, gradually broadening anteriorly and posteriorly, as observed in several mylodontines such as Glossotherium, Paramylodon, and Simomylodon (Owen, 1842;Stock, 1925;Gaudin, 2004;. Exceptions are represented by Glossotheriopsis pascuali MLP 76-VIII-30-1, in which the lateral margins of the nasals are almost straight in dorsal view.…”

Section: Comparative Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In a later work, the same author described an almost complete mylodontid skeleton under the name of Mylodon robustus Owen, 1842, which was destroyed during the World War II bombing of London (see McDonald, 1995;De Iuliis et al, 2017). This pioneering monograph (Owen, 1842) included a nomenclatural note in which he amended his previous work (Owen, 1839) and synonymized Glossotherium under Mylodon darwinii. As a result, soon after these early contributions of Owen, three species belonging to the genus Mylodon were recognized: M. harlani from North America and the South American species M. darwinii and M. robustus (Leidy, 1855).…”

Section: Taxonomic Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, proposed that the Pliocene mylodontines from the Chapadmalal Formation (sensu Kraglievich, 1952, equivalent to Playa San Carlos and Playa Los Lobos Alloformations of Zárate, 1989) comprise a single species that is differentiable based on both morphology and body size from the other Neogene Mylodontini of South and North America. Regarding the South American Pleistocene forms of Glossotherium, the recognized species include G. robustum (Owen, 1842), G. tropicorum Hoffstetter, 1952, G. phoenesis Cartelle, De Iuliis, Boscaini and Glossotherium/Oreomylodon wegneri (Spillmann, 1931), whereas the taxonomic validity of G. tarijense (Ameghino, 1902) is currently under investigation. The large-sized Pleistocene mylodontine species from North America is instead attributed to Paramylodon harlani (Owen, 1839) (e.g., McDonald, 1995McAfee, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New well-preserved materials ofGlossotherium chapadmalense(Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of Argentina shed light on the origin and evolution of the genus

Boscaini

Toledo

Pérez

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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Fossil remains of extinct mylodontine sloths have been discovered in numerous localities throughout the American supercontinent, but knowledge of them is still mainly centered on the Pleistocene forms rather than their Neogene relatives. In this contribution, previously unpublished cranial and postcranial materials herein ascribed to Glossotherium chapadmalense (Kraglievich), coming from the Pliocene Chapadmalal Formation (Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina), are presented. These remains are described and compared with those of other mylodontine species from South and North America, providing an exhaustive characterization of cranial morphology in G. chapadmalense and some preliminary insights into its postcranial anatomy. The results have revealed a unique combination of differences and similarities of this enigmatic species with the larger-sized representatives of Glossotherium. In addition, these materials allowed shedding light on the long-standing uncertainties regarding its taxonomic status, as this form has been alternately considered to belong to the genera Glossotherium or Glossotheridium over the last century. As a result, the genus Glossotherium was present, at least, at the Early-Late Pliocene transition in the Pampean region of Argentina, and is recorded by the Upper Pleistocene throughout the entire South American continent. The radiation of the Pleistocene species is associated with a consistent body mass increase that was probably a response to the cooling temperatures and higher predation pressure in South America during the Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene. These phenomena were probably driven by the stable emergence of the Panamanian Isthmus around 3 Ma and the successive faunal turnover pulses of the Great American Biotic Interchange.

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Section: Comparative Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Comparative Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Comparative Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Taxonomic Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New well-preserved materials ofGlossotherium chapadmalense(Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of Argentina shed light on the origin and evolution of the genus

Boscaini

Toledo

Pérez

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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New postcranial remains of ground sloths (Xenarthra, Folivora, Mylodontidae) from Southern Brazil

Cirino¹,

Pitana²,

Cartelle³

et al. 2023

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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Diagnoses of Mylodontidae species are generally based on skull, mandibular, and tooth characteristics, and rarely on postcranial morphology, due to the lack of postcranial material associated with the cranial material. The studies of postcranial anatomy have generally a biomechanical focus and reflect a set of functions of skeletal structures, but their interpretation in phylogenetic analysis is still limited. In Pleistocene deposits of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, an important set of postcranial specimens was collected, belonging to Mylodontidae. They were morphologically and morphometrically analyzed, allowing us to observe some diagnostic characters such as the humeral entepicondylar foramen and crests, shape of the radial shaft, angle of distal articulation of the tibia, as well as the angle of proximal articulation of the astragalus. The material was also compared with specimens from other South American localities. Most of the remains were assigned to Glossotherium robustum and Lestodon armatus. In addition, a new Scelidotheriinae was recorded for Rio Grande do Sul State. The study indicated significant differences in the postcranial morphology, which allowed the recognition of some specific diagnostic characters. Keywords: Mylodontinae, Scelidotheriinae, hindlimb, forelimb, Pleistocene, Rio Grande do Sul.

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Managing Cultural Convergence of Multifariousity in Firms

Ugwuzor

2023

IJMSSSR

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This paper focused on the management of cultural convergence in a culturally multifarious contextual work environment. With a population of over two hundred million people, Nigeria presents a sizable opportunity for employers seeking personnel that reflect a wide range of backgrounds and perspectives. Managing a multicultural workforce should involve devising strategies for encouraging participation from a wide range of personnel. When people go to work, they often carry their entire dispositions with them. The cultural origins of persons often train them to display particular behaviours at work. However, the culture of the firm should be a melting pot and the overriding decider that guides the actions of workers while at work irrespective of their cultural backgrounds. For businesses to operate at their full potential, it is important to understand how to effectively manage a workforce that includes such a vast array of contexts and points of view. This work contributes to the evolution of novel work behaviours from persons of ostensibly dissimilar backgrounds to assume similarity in their workplace behavioural outcomes through cultural convergence for the success of organisations.

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Richard Owen, Description of the Skeleton of an Extinct Gigantic Sloth, Mylodon Robustus, With Observations on the Osteology, Natural Affinities, and Probable Habits of the Megatherioid Quadrupeds in General

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

New well-preserved materials ofGlossotherium chapadmalense(Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of Argentina shed light on the origin and evolution of the genus

New well-preserved materials ofGlossotherium chapadmalense(Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of Argentina shed light on the origin and evolution of the genus

New postcranial remains of ground sloths (Xenarthra, Folivora, Mylodontidae) from Southern Brazil

Managing Cultural Convergence of Multifariousity in Firms

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