Right Internal Jugular Vein Venography in Infants and Children

Abstract

We obtained venograms of the right internal jugular vein in children with congenital heart disease. Generally, the diameter increased with the patient's body size, but disproportionately small vessels were seen in 8% of the patients. Preoperative internal jugular venography may facilitate identifying those patients.

Internal jugular vein diameter in pediatric patients: are the J‐shaped guidewire diameters bigger than internal jugular vein? An evaluation with ultrasound

“…Previous studies have investigated IJV diameter either in the adults or in the children (1,3,6–9). Karazincir et al.…”

“…Nakayama et al. (3) in a study measured RIJV diameter by venography on children 7 days to 10 years old undergoing cardiac catheterization at both cricoid cartilage and supraclavicular notch level. Mean RIJV diameters at the cricoid cartilage and supraclavicular notch level were 7.7 ± 2.3 and 7.0 ± 2.5 mm, respectively.…”

“…(2) drew attention to Seldinger wires of some central vein cannulation kits, in which curved tip of the J‐shaped wires have a radius of 5 mm or greater. Right internal jugular venography on pediatric patients having cardiac catheterization revealed that, small diameters of RIJV may be encountered in infants whose body weight <5 kg or height < 50 cm (3). After having same type of difficulty with different commercially available central catheterization kits (Figure 1), we designed a prospective study to define the diameter, CSA and the depth of RIJV in two different locations, and body positions (Supine, Trendelenburg), in pediatric patients with the aid of ultrasound.…”

Modified anchoring maneuver using pilot puncture needle to facilitate internal jugular vein puncture for small children

“…Nakayama et al. (12) reported unusually small IJV in 8% infants and children in their series of 105 patients. Other reasons of poor success rate in infants include: anatomical variations, occlusion of the vein by the advancing needle (7) or the localizing probe on the neck, twisting of neck for more than 40 ° , difficulty in maneuvering long needle at acute angle of puncture and movement of the neck after marking puncture point.…”

Audio‐Doppler guidance using a small‐caliber Doppler probe for internal jugular venous puncture for central venous catheterization in infants and children

“…Reasons of poor success rate in infants would include: anatomical variations, too small veins, occlusion of the vein by application of the probe on the neck, and movement of the neck after marking. With right internal jugular venography, Nakayama et al (13) found unusually small IJV in 8% of infants and children in their series of 105 patients. In addition, Alderson et al (14) reported that 18% of the patients younger than 6 years in their study had anatomical factors that may complicate approaches to the IJV.…”