Rigid Macroporous Polymer Monoliths

Peters, Eric C.; Švec, František; Fréchet, Jean M. J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4095(199910)11:14<1169::aid-adma1169>3.0.co;2-6

Cited by 283 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Compared to polymer monoliths or membranes having pore sizes on the order of a few hundred to thousands nanometers, 84,162 various nanoporous structures afford pore sizes of less than a few tens of nanometers. 163 Owing to the small pore sizes, protein can be effectively encapsulated.…”

Section: Physical Encapsulation and Entrapmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein immobilization techniques for microfluidic assays

2013

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Microfluidic systems have shown unequivocal performance improvements over conventional bench-top assays across a range of performance metrics. For example, specific advances have been made in reagent consumption, throughput, integration of multiple assay steps, assay automation, and multiplexing capability. For heterogeneous systems, controlled immobilization of reactants is essential for reliable, sensitive detection of analytes. In most cases, protein immobilization densities are maximized, while native activity and conformation are maintained. Immobilization methods and chemistries vary significantly depending on immobilization surface, protein properties, and specific assay goals. In this review, we present trade-offs considerations for common immobilization surface materials. We overview immobilization methods and chemistries, and discuss studies exemplar of key approaches—here with a specific emphasis on immunoassays and enzymatic reactors. Recent “smart immobilization” methods including the use of light, electrochemical, thermal, and chemical stimuli to attach and detach proteins on demand with precise spatial control are highlighted. Spatially encoded protein immobilization using DNA hybridization for multiplexed assays and reversible protein immobilization surfaces for repeatable assay are introduced as immobilization methods. We also describe multifunctional surface coatings that can perform tasks that were, until recently, relegated to multiple functional coatings. We consider the microfluidics literature from 1997 to present and close with a perspective on future approaches to protein immobilization.

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Section: Physical Encapsulation and Entrapmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein immobilization techniques for microfluidic assays

2013

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“…The distribution, surface area and functionalities, density and degree of rigidity and swelling [25,[56][57][58]. The typical polymerisation mixture consists of 20-40% monomers and 80-60% porogens, plus a small amount of thermal or photoinitiator.…”

Section: Monolithic Polymer Stationary Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithic stationary phases for fast ion chromatography and capillary electrochromatography of inorganic ions

Schaller

Hilder

Haddad³

2006

J of Separation Science

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Review Monolithic stationary phases for fast ion chromatography and capillary electrochromatography of inorganic ionsThe focus of this review is on current developments in monolithic stationary phases for the fast analysis of inorganic ions and other small molecules in ion chromatography (IC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC), concentrating in particular on the properties of organic (polymer) monolithic materials in comparison to inorganic (silica-based) monoliths. The applicability of these materials for fast IC is discussed in the context of recent publications, including the range of synthesis and modification procedures described. While commercial monolithic silica columns already show promising results on current IC instrumentation, polymer-based monolithic stationary phases are currently predominantly used in the capillary format on modified micro-IC systems. However, they are beginning to find application in IC particularly under high pH conditions, with the potential to replace their particle-packed counterparts.

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“…Large through-pores present in this type of stationary phase allow mobile phases to flow through the sorbent with low flow resistance at high flow rates and convection becomes a dominant mass transport mechanism, which is much more rapid than diffusion in conventional stationary phases [7][8][9]. A variety of applications of rapid separation on this type of stationary phase have been reported [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%