RIKEN isotope separator on-line GARIS/IGISOL

Morita, Kosuke; Yoshida, Akihiro; Inamura, T.; Koizumi, M.; Nomura, T.; Fujioka, M.; Shinozuka, T.; Miyatake, H.; Sueki, Keisuke; Kudo, H.; Nagai, Y.; Toriyama, T.; Yoshimura, K.; Hatsukawa, Y.

doi:10.1016/0168-583x(92)95935-k

Cited by 76 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Over the course of about two years, relatively shortlived isotopes of Zr and Hf were studied in eighteen short blocks (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32) nat Ge, all in the elemental form, were used. They were produced by vacuum deposition from a resistively heated source.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of most unwanted background species was already exploited in liquid phase studies of rutherfordium (Rf,element 104) [11,16,17] where physical preseparation from isotopes that interfere with the unambiguous identification of single atoms of the heaviest elements through detection of their characteristic radioactive decay was essential, and in extraction studies of group 4 elements with crown ethers [18]. The potential that physical preseparation offers in the field of TAN chemistry has been recognized and has led to the upgrade of existing recoil separators such as i) the Berkeley Gas-filled Separator (BGS) [19] installed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, US [12,15], ii) the GAs-filled Recoil Ion Separator (GARIS) [20,21] at the RIKEN laboratory, Wako, Saitama, Japan, and iii) the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS) [22] at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Dubna, Russia, so that they can now be used as preseparators. For a recent overview of physical separators used for studies of the heaviest elements, see [23].…”

Section: Physical Preseparation For Chemistry Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Düllmann

Gregorich²,

Pang

et al. 2009

Radiochimica Acta

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Zirconium / Hafnium / Hexafluoroacetylacetonates / Thermochromatography / Isothermal gas chromatogaphy / Physical preseparation Summary. Volatile metal complexes of the group 4 elements Zr and Hf with hexafluoroacetylacetonate (hfa) have been studied using short-lived radioisotopes of the metals. The new technique of physical preseparation has been employed where reaction products from heavy-ion induced fusion reactions are isolated in a physical recoil separator -the Berkeley Gas-filled Separator in our work -and made available for chemistry experiments. Formation and decomposition of M(hfa) 4 (M = Zr, Hf) has been observed and the interaction strength with a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) Teflon surface has been studied. From the results of isothermal chromatography experiments, an adsorption enthalpy of −ΔH a = (57 ± 3) kJ/mol was deduced. In optimization experiments, the time for formation of the complex and its transport to a counting setup installed outside of the irradiation cave was minimized and values of roughly one minute have been reached. The half-life of 165 Hf , for which conflicting values appear in the literature, was measured to be (73.9 ± 0.8) s. Provided that samples suitable for α-spectroscopy can be prepared, the investigation of rutherfordium (Rf), the transactinide member of group 4, appears possible. In the future, based on the studies presented here, it appears possible to investigate short-lived single atoms produced with low rates (e.g., transactinide isotopes) in completely new chemical systems, e.g., as metal complexes with organic ligands as used here or as organometallic compounds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Preseparation For Chemistry Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Düllmann

Gregorich²,

Pang

et al. 2009

Radiochimica Acta

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“…For most of the experimental studies electromagnetic recoil separators are utilized to separate the reaction products from the primary beam in flight and to suppress unwanted reaction products, for example from transfer reactions. Two different types of separators are employed, either vacuum separators such as the velocity filter SHIP at the GSI [198,192], the Recoil Ion Transport Unit (RITU) separator at JYFL [199], the Separator for Heavy ELement Spectroscopy (SHELS) at the Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Research (FLNR) in Dubna, Russia [200], the upcoming S 3 separator at GANIL [201] or gas-filled separators such as the Transactinide Separator and Chemistry Apparatus (TASCA) at the GSI [202,203], the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS) at the FLNR [204], the Berkeley Gas-filled Separator (BGS) at LBNL [205,206] and the Gas-filled Recoil Ion Separator (GARIS) at the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) [207,193], Japan.…”

Section: Production Of Actinides In Fusion-evaporation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in laser spectroscopy of the actinides

Block,

Laatiaoui,

Raeder

2020

Preprint

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The interest to perform laser spectroscopy in the heaviest elements arises from the strong impact of relativistic effects, electron correlations and quantum electrodynamics on their atomic structure. Once this atomic structure is well understood, laser spectroscopy also provides access to nuclear properties such as spins, mean square charge radii and electromagnetic moments in a nuclear-model independent way. This is of particular interest for the heaviest actinides around N = 152, a region of shell-stabilized deformed nuclei. The experimental progress of laser spectroscopy in this region benefitted from continuous methodological and technical developments such as the introduction of buffer-gas-stopping techniques that enabled the access to ever more exotic nuclei far-off stability. The key challenges faced in this endeavor are small yields, nuclides with rather short half-lives and the need to search for atomic transitions in a wide spectral range guided by theoretical predictions. This paper describes the basics of the most common experimental methods and discusses selected recent results on the atomic and nuclear properties of the actinides up to nobelium where pioneering experiments were performed at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany.

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“…In this most recent development, which constitutes a breakthrough in SHE chemistry, gasfilled magnetic recoil-separators are applied between the target and the recoil chamber -now commonly termed Recoil Transfer Chamber, RTC [116][117][118]. Pioneering work has been performed at the BGS [113,116,119,120] followed by new developments and experiments at the TASCA [110][111][112][121][122][123], the GARIS [117,[124][125][126][127], which had also been used in combination with an IGISOL system before [128], and the DGFRS [129]. A scheme of such a setup, as used at the GARIS, is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Physical Pre-separatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry of superheavy elements

Schädel

2012

Radiochimica Acta

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Summary. The chemistry of superheavy elements -or transactinides from their position in the Periodic Table -is summarized. After giving an overview over historical developments, nuclear aspects about synthesis of neutron-rich isotopes of these elements, produced in hot-fusion reactions, and their nuclear decay properties are briefly mentioned. Specific requirements to cope with the one-atom-at-a-time situation in automated chemical separations and recent developments in aqueous-phase and gas-phase chemistry are presented. Exciting, current developments, first applications, and future prospects of chemical separations behind physical recoil separators ("pre-separator") are discussed in detail. The status of our current knowledge about the chemistry of rutherfordium (Rf, element 104), dubnium (Db, element 105), seaborgium (Sg, element 106), bohrium (Bh, element 107), hassium (Hs, element 108), copernicium (Cn, element 112), and element 114 is discussed from an experimental point of view. Recent results are emphasized and compared with empirical extrapolations and with fully-relativistic theoretical calculations, especially also under the aspect of the architecture of the Periodic Table.

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RIKEN isotope separator on-line GARIS/IGISOL

Cited by 76 publications

References 4 publications

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Gas chemical investigation of hafnium and zirconium complexes with hexafluoroacetylacetone using preseparated short-lived radioisotopes

Recent progress in laser spectroscopy of the actinides

Chemistry of superheavy elements

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