Risk assessment and health effects of pesticides used in tobacco farming in Malaysia

Cornwall, J E; Ford, M L; Liyanage, T.; Daw, D Win Kyi

doi:10.1093/heapol/10.4.431

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Most of the OP and CM insecticides inhibit the PChE, which is helpful for detecting the early acute effects of poisoning and monitoring the pesticide exposure. Similar results were noted among the tobacco farmers of many other countries (Cornwall et al, 1995;McDaniel et al, 2005;Damalas et al, 2006;Peres et al, 2006;Dasgupta et al, 2007). With an increase in the levels of pesticide residues in blood, there is inhibition of PChE showing lowest levels in the farmers of moderate severity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Acute pesticide poisoning is an illness or a health effect resulting from suspected or confirmed exposure to a pesticide within 48 h (WHO, 2008). Depending on the toxicity of the compound, dosage and exposure time, the symptoms of pesticide exposure vary from headache, vomiting, skin rash, respiratory problems and convulsions (Cornwall et al, 1995). Plasma cholinesterase (PChE) levels are more reliable indicators than the symptoms attributed to exposure, for risk assessment and monitoring of pesticide intoxication in farm workers (Dasgupta et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk assessment of pesticide exposure on health of Pakistani tobacco farmers

Khan

Shabbir

Majid

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Tobacco is an important cash crop of Pakistan. Pesticides are commonly used to increase the crop yield, but their health impact has not been studied yet. The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency of pesticide poisoning and to explore the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards safety measures among the tobacco farmers in Swabi, Pakistan. One hundred and five tobacco farmers involved in pesticide application were randomly selected from two villages of district Swabi. A structured questionnaire was used for clinical and KAP information. Plasma cholinesterase (PChE) levels were measured by Ellman's method by using GD Italy kits. All tobacco farmers were males with a mean (SD) age of 26 (9) years. The majority of the farmers reported multiple symptoms headache, dizziness, vomiting, shortness of breath, muscle weakness and skin rash correlate with the clinically significant depression of PChE levels. Out of 105 pesticide applicators, 58 (55%) had post-exposure reduction in PChE levels o20% from baseline, 35 (33%) had mild poisoning (20-40% reduction) and 12 (11%) had moderate poisoning (440% reduction). Most of the farmers did not use any personal protective equipment during pesticide handling. Only a few used shoes (31%), masks (14%) and gloves (9%) during pesticide spray. In conclusion, the tobacco farmers had mild to moderate pesticide poisoning, which was correlated with depression in PChE levels. Moreover, most farmers had little knowledge about the safety measures, casual attitude and unsatisfactory safety practices with regard to the use of basic protective equipments during pesticide applications on the tobacco crop.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of pesticide exposure on health of Pakistani tobacco farmers

Khan

Shabbir

Majid

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Majority of the patients of agricultural hazards were not using (83.02%) personal protective equipment's and only 16.98% were using any kind of PPE . Similar findings were observed by JE Cornwall et al [20] where they found that majority of the farmers were not using any PPE, while working in the tobacco farms. Nayak CS et al [11] observed that majority of the workers were not using any protective measures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Maximum number of patients were males (42,79.25%), followed by females (11,20.75%). Majority of the patients (50.95%) were belonging to age group of >20 to 40 years .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemiological Study Of Mechanical Health Hazards Amongst Agricultural Workers In Rural India

Manwani

Pandey

2016

Int J Occup Safety & Health

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Background: Agricultural work is subject to the health risks inherent to a rural environment and at the same time to those deriving from the specific work process involved. India being a country of agriculture, majority of its population is engaged in agriculture based activities in a varied manner either directly or indirectly. This sector of activity being most unorganized, very little attention has been given to the occupational health problems of these workers; though the need of investigation and intervention towards these problems has repeatedly been mentioned. Objective: 1)To find out the demographic distribution of agriculture related mechanical health hazards 2)To find out the magnitude of agriculture related mechanical health hazards 3) To find out the protective measures being used by the agricultural workers for the prevention of mechanical health hazards. 4) To give the necessary recommendations for the prevention of mechanical health hazards. Methods: It is a Cross-Sectional study. The study was conducted from the period of June 2009 to December 2011.. Data Collection: A pilot study was conducted on 10 patients. Data collection was done through asking questionnaire from the patients/relatives (AWs); clinical examination and clinical case records of the patients. Analysis of Data: Data was analyzed in the form of percentage (%) and presented in the tabular form. Chi- square (χ2) test was applied as a test of significance with the help of statistical software SPSS statistics (version- 17)Results: Out of total 53 cases 42 (79.25) were males and 11(20.75) were females. Majority (75.48%) of the respondents were hired laborers followed by own land workers (24.52%). Males (79.25%) were more addicted than females(20.75%). Majority of the cases were due to equipment/ instrument induced (64.15%), followed by animal induced (35.85%) injuries. It was revealed that maximum number of the cases (83.02%)were not using PPE and only 16.98% were using any kind of PPE.International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol 4 No 2 (2014) 19– 23

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“…Muitos estudos têm sido realizados no sentido de verificar e quantificar os efeitos e o mecanismo de ação do Metamidofós no meio ambiente (8)(9)(10)(11), em matrizes vegetais (2,4,11-15) e ao homem (5,(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Análise De Resíduos Do Inseticida Metamidofós Em Soja E Determinação Final Por Cromatografia Em Fase Gasosa

Lima¹,

Tanaka²,

Nunes³

et al. 2003

PES

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Neste trabalho propõe-se método rápido de procedimentos de extração e clean up para determinações do inseticida Metamidofós em amostras de soja. Análises de amostras de soja seca e hidratada, fortificadas em níveis de 5 µg g-1, apresentaram recuperação média de 93-94% e coeficiente de variação de 17 a 31% com os sistemas adsorvente alumina/florisil e eluente metanol/ acetonitrila 1:3. Testes empregando sílica 15% desativada também mostraram eficiência com recuperação final de, aproximadamente, 75% e coeficientes de variação entre 18 a 27%. Cromatogramas com mínima interferência, nenhum efeito de matriz e boa eficiência na extração foram obtidos com a aplicação do método proposto. METHAMIDOPHOS INSECTICIDE RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN SOYBEAN AND FINAL DETERMINATION BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Abstract A rapid method for extraction and clean up procedures for methamidophos insecticide determinations in soybean samples is proposed in this work. Analyses of dried and natural soybean samples fortified at 5 µg g-1 level showed recoveries average of 93-94% and variation coefficient ranging from 17 to 31% by using 3:1 Alumina/Florisil adsorbent system combined with 1:3 methanol/acetonitrile as eluent system. Tests employing 15% deactivated silica also showed to be efficient with final recovery close to 75% and variation coefficients varying from 18 to 27%. Chromatograms with minimal interferences, no matrix effects and good extraction efficiencies were recorded after application of the proposed method.

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Risk assessment and health effects of pesticides used in tobacco farming in Malaysia

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Risk assessment of pesticide exposure on health of Pakistani tobacco farmers

Risk assessment of pesticide exposure on health of Pakistani tobacco farmers

An Epidemiological Study Of Mechanical Health Hazards Amongst Agricultural Workers In Rural India

Análise De Resíduos Do Inseticida Metamidofós Em Soja E Determinação Final Por Cromatografia Em Fase Gasosa

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