Risk assessment based on urinary bisphenol A levels in the general Korean population

Park, Jaehong; Hwang, Myung-Sil; Ko, Ah-Ra; Jeong, Da-Hyun; Lee, Jung Mi; Moon, Guiim; Lee, Kwang Soo; Kho, Young-Ho; Shin, Min-Ki; Lee, Hee-Seok; Kang, Hui-Seung; Suh, Jin-Hyang; Hwang, Inchan

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.024

Cited by 57 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“… 26 Human biomonitoring studies from different parts of the world consistently report higher urinary levels of BPA in children than in adults. 58 , 63 , 67 , 69 BPS levels were also higher in adolescents than in adults in a study of human exposures to BPS in Asia and the U.S. 30 These earlier findings are consistent with a higher xenobiotic intake of children and adolescents compared to adults due to a higher food intake and respiratory rate compared to adults; exposure to bisphenols via ingestion of household dust; more (dermal) contact with products containing BPA or its substitutes; and differences in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of xenobiotics between children and adults. It is important to note that urinary levels of BPA were significantly higher in children compared to adults in the NHANES 2003–2004 population, 26 whereas median urinary levels of BPA in young adults (20–39 years old) were higher compared to those in children (6–11 years old) in the NHANES 2013–2014 population (1.47 vs 1.34 μg/L), possibly because of the ban of BPA in certain consumer products in the United States and other countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014

et al. 2018

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Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are replacing bisphenol A (BPA) in the manufacturing of products containing polycarbonates and epoxy resins. Data on current human exposure levels of these substitutes are needed to aid in the assessment of their human health risks. This study analyzed urinary bisphenol levels in adults (N = 1808) and children (N = 868) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014 and investigated demographic and lifestyle factors associated with urinary levels of bisphenols. BPA, BPS, and BPF were detected in 95.7, 89.4, and 66.5% of randomly selected urine samples analyzed as part of NHANES 2013–2014, respectively. Median levels of BPA in U.S. adult were higher (1.24 μg/L) than BPF and BPS levels (0.35 and 0.37 μg/L, respectively). For children, median BPA levels were also higher (1.25 μg/L) than BPF and BPS levels (0.32 and 0.29 μg/L, respectively). The limits of detection for BPA, BPF, and BPS were 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 μg/L, respectively. Urinary levels showed associations with gender, race/ethnicity, family income, physical activity, smoking, and/or alcohol intake that depended on the specific bisphenol. The results of this study indicate that exposure of the general U.S. population to BPA substitutes is almost ubiquitous. Because exposures differ across the U.S. population, further studies of environmental, consumer, and lifestyle factors affecting BPF and BPS exposures are warranted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014

et al. 2018

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“…Average daily exposure of adult to BPA was estimated to fall in the range of 0.1 to 5 μg/kg body weight per day ( Vandenberg et al ., 2013 ), which would persist throughout the whole life. Indeed, BPA was detected in the urine in most adults in US and Korea (>90%) with the average concentration of 1.28–2.64 μg/L ( Calafat et al ., 2008 ; Vandenberg et al ., 2010 ; Miyaguchi et al ., 2015 ; Park et al ., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most of these studies, however, bona fide signs of carcinogenicity could not be shown for low doses of BPA. Doses of BPA adopted in these studies ranged from 2.5 to 5,000 μg/kg bw/day, which are most probably designed to cover doses lower than 5 mg/kg, the most stringent NOAEL in EU ( Park et al ., 2016 ), and at the same time, the highest human exposure level reported; 5 μg/kg and current TDI, 50 μg/kg. At these low dose exposure scenarios, only minimal signs of weight gains and metabolic abnormality ( Marmugi et al ., 2012 ), increased hepatocyte apoptosis ( Xia et al ., 2014 ), behavioral changes, and neurological alterations were significant enough for observation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Dose Bisphenol A Increases Bile Duct Proliferation in Juvenile Rats: A Possible Evidence for Risk of Liver Cancer in the Exposed Population?

Jeong

Nam

Lee

et al. 2017

Biomolecules & Therapeutics

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Increasing concern is being given to the association between risk of cancer and exposure to low-dose bisphenol A (BPA), especially in young-aged population. In this study, we investigated the effects of repeated oral treatment of low to high dose BPA in juvenile Sprague-Dawley rats. Exposing juvenile rats to BPA (0, 0.5, 5, 50, and 250 mg/kg oral gavage) from post-natal day 9 for 90 days resulted in higher food intakes and increased body weights in biphasic dose-effect relationship. Male mammary glands were atrophied at high dose, which coincided with sexual pre-maturation of females. Notably, proliferative changes with altered cell foci and focal inflammation were observed around bile ducts in the liver of all BPA-dosed groups in males, which achieved statistical significance from 0.5 mg/kg (ANOVA, Dunnett’s test, p<0.05). Toxicokinetic analysis revealed that systemic exposure to BPA was greater at early age (e.g., 210-fold in Cmax, and 26-fold in AUC at 50 mg/kg in male on day 1 over day 90) and in females (e.g., 4-fold in Cmax and 1.6-fold in AUC at 50 mg/kg vs. male on day 1), which might have stemmed from either age- or gender-dependent differences in metabolic capacity. These results may serve as evidence for the association between risk of cancer and exposure to low-dose BPA, especially in young children, as well as for varying toxicity of xenobiotics in different age and gender groups.

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“…Urinary BPA levels were measured because it has been used as a reliable method to monitor human intake of BPA [26,29,30]. The measurements were made four times, at baseline before the intervention and for three menstrual cycles after the intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Dietary Modification Intervention on Menstrual Pain and Urinary BPA Levels: A Single Group Clinical Trial

Park

Chung

2020

Preprint

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Background: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) occurs mainly through dietary intake. Due to current lifestyle trends, young people tend to consume fast food, to use disposable products, and to utilize convenient household items, all of which are major sources of EDCs. In this study, we investigated the effects of a dietary modification intervention on menstrual pain and urinary bisphenol A (BPA) levels in female college students who experienced severe menstrual pain. In addition, we analyzed participants’ adherence to the intervention and examined whether their level of adherence was associated with differences in the effects of the intervention. Methods: A single-group pretest and repeated posttest experimental design was employed. Thirty female college students with a score of 5 or higher (out of 10) on a menstrual pain scale were recruited through convenience sampling. During three menstrual cycles, menstrual pain was scored on a 10-point scale after each cycle, and urinary BPA levels were measured from the first morning urine collected after each cycle. The intervention involved three components: small-group education, follow-up monitoring, and peer support via social network communication. Statistical analyses were conducted using Friedman one-way repeated-measure analysis of variance by ranks, non-parametric two-way analysis of variance, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test as a post-hoc test.Results: The dietary modification intervention had significant effects on menstrual pain at all three time points of menstrual cycles (Z=-4.66~-4.56. p=0.000) and on urinary BPA levels until the 2nd menstrual cycle (Z=-3.39~-2.78, p=0.005). Slightly fewer than half (43.3%) of the participants were highly adherent. Menstrual pain differed according to adherence (F=4.67, p=0.032) and decreased over time through the third cycle post-intervention (F=18.30, p=0.000). Urinary BPA levels also decreased significantly (F=7.94, p=0.000). Conclusions: The dietary modification intervention was effective and sustainable for reducing menstrual pain and urinary BPA levels. Detailed information about EDCs and dietary experiences seemed to encourage the young women to become more concerned about EDCs and to perform self-protective actions. Further experimental research is suggested to examine the relationships of EDCs with various health indicators in women. Trial registrationKCT0005472 at 2020-9-24 retrospectively registered.

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Risk assessment based on urinary bisphenol A levels in the general Korean population

Cited by 57 publications

References 60 publications

Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014

Exposure to Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol S in U.S. Adults and Children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014

Low-Dose Bisphenol A Increases Bile Duct Proliferation in Juvenile Rats: A Possible Evidence for Risk of Liver Cancer in the Exposed Population?

Effects of a Dietary Modification Intervention on Menstrual Pain and Urinary BPA Levels: A Single Group Clinical Trial

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