Risk assessment of fungal materials

Brandhof, Jeroen G. van den; Wösten, Han A. B.

doi:10.1186/s40694-022-00134-x

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…In the scientific literature, the current analysis of the fungal materials with intended use in various applications shows that they pose a low risk to the workers, consumers, and the environment [57]. With the expected scenario of a steep rise in the development of mycelial materials the focus should be on the risk assessment of these materials when they are brought back into the soil or other composting methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another main challenge is the storage of mycelium composites because the main component is cellulose which is prone to infestation by insects and rodents. Some studies suggest genetic modification could be route to improve the resistance to infestation [57]. This can also be solved by using biobased ingredients or coating that can act as deterrent to these infesting animals.…”

Section: Challenges Of Mycelium Materials To Penetrate Mainstream Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungi-based Biomimetic Approach to Address Plastic Pollution: A Developing Nation's Perspective

kundanati¹

2022

Preprint

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Plastic waste management has become a major problem in the present times, and many countries are struggling to deal with it. The situation has become a crisis in developing nations due to a lack of proper waste management, resources, technology, and political will. The extensive usage of foam-based packaging materials such as Styrofoam as a secondary packaging material has led to environmental pollution both in land and water, in developing countries. It is important to address this problem using a sustainable approach such as biomimetic manufacturing. One such solution that is present in developed nations is mycelium-based packaging, wherein the agricultural and industrial-based cellulose waste is converted into a biocomposite with the help of a fungi root network. Such a process has the potential to convert biomass into useful products but also has an indirect effect on pollution reduction by eliminating stubble burning in nations like India. In this review, we examine the details of the manufacturing process, properties, advantages, and limitations of such composite materials. A comparison of the present status of such materials produced in the market by some of the companies across the world is presented. Finally, the challenges involved with such materials and the future directions are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges Of Mycelium Materials To Penetrate Mainstream Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi-based Biomimetic Approach to Address Plastic Pollution: A Developing Nation's Perspective

kundanati¹

2022

Preprint

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“…They reproduce sexually or asexually, producing special cells called spores, with the potential to produce one billion offspring in a single day. They are saprophytes as they, through their enzymes, break down and absorb complex organic compounds from various environmental matrices, as they are unable to synthesize their own organic matter ( 29 ).…”

Section: Bioactive Molecules Of Mushroomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mushrooms as future generation healthy foods

Bell

Silva

Guina³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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The potential of edible mushrooms as an unexploited treasure trove, although rarely included in known food guidelines, is highlighted. Their role in shielding people against the side effects of an unhealthy stylish diet is reviewed. Mushrooms complement the human diet with various bioactive molecules not identified or deficient in foodstuffs of plant and animal sources, being considered a functional food for the prevention of several human diseases. Mushrooms have been widely used as medicinal products for more than 2,000 years, but globally the potential field of use of wild mushrooms has been untapped. There is a broad range of edible mushrooms which remain poorly identified or even unreported which is a valuable pool as sources of bioactive compounds for biopharma utilization and new dietary supplements. Some unique elements of mushrooms and their role in preventative healthcare are emphasized, through their positive impact on the immune system. The potential of mushrooms as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, and other health concerns is discussed. Mushrooms incorporate top sources of non-digestible oligosaccharides, and ergothioneine, which humans are unable to synthesize, the later a unique antioxidant, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory element, with therapeutic potential, approved by world food agencies. The prebiotic activity of mushrooms beneficially affects gut homeostasis performance and the balance of gut microbiota is enhanced. Several recent studies on neurological impact and contribution to the growth of nerve and brain cells are mentioned. Indeed, mushrooms as functional foods' nutraceuticals are presently regarded as next-generation foods, supporting health and wellness, and are promising prophylactic or therapeutic agents.

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“…The analysis indicates that MBCs could become an alternative to sustainable furniture and other interior design materials, despite some known engineering flaws, such as the low ability to transfer tensile forces and high hygroscopicity, resulting in low outdoor durability [ 11 , 13 ]. The use of fungi in the production of MBC usually raises concerns about the health impact, but when compared to MDF, in which formaldehyde or other chemicals are used, MBCs seem to be a safer option [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycelium-Based Composite Materials: Study of Acceptance

et al. 2023

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Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are alternative biopolymers for designing sustainable furniture and other interior elements. These innovative biocomposites have many ecological advantages but present a new challenge in aesthetics and human product acceptance. Grown products, made using living mycelium and lignocellulosic substrates, are porous, have irregular surfaces and have irregular coloring. The natural origin of these types of materials and the fear of fungus can be a challenge. This research investigated the level of human acceptance of the new material. Respondents were students of architecture who can be considered as people involved in interior design and competent in the design field. Research has been performed on the authors’ prototype products made from MBCs. Three complementary consumer tests were performed. The obtained results measured the human reactions and demonstrated to which extents products made of MBCs were “likeable” and their nonobvious aesthetics were acceptable to the public. The results showed that MBC materials generally had a positive or not-negative assessment. The responses after the pairwise comparison of the MBC with wall cladding samples pointed out the advantage of ceramic reference material above the MBC based on an overall assessment. The respondents also believed that the chamotte clay cladding would be easier to fit into the aesthetics of a modern interior and would in better accordance with its style. Although the MBC was less visually appealing, the respondents nevertheless found it more interesting, original, and environmentally friendly. The experiments suggested that the respondents had double standards regarding MBCs. MBCs were generally accepted as ecological, but not in their own homes. All of these results support current and future applications of MBCs for manufacturing items where enhanced aesthetics are required.

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Risk assessment of fungal materials

Cited by 31 publications

References 152 publications

Fungi-based Biomimetic Approach to Address Plastic Pollution: A Developing Nation's Perspective

Fungi-based Biomimetic Approach to Address Plastic Pollution: A Developing Nation's Perspective

Mushrooms as future generation healthy foods

Mycelium-Based Composite Materials: Study of Acceptance

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