Risk factors and adverse perinatal outcome associated with low birth weight in Northern Tanzania: a registry-based retrospective cohort study

Assessment of Magnitude and Associated Factors of Adverse Birth Outcomes among Deliveries at Suhul Hospital Shire, Tigray, Ethiopia From September, 2015 to February, 2016

“…Evidence from earlier study showed that reduced placental blood flow leads to decreased fetal growth, with an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight [29]. In this study Ante-partum hemorrhage during the current pregnancy is significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes this finding was in line with the previous studies in Iran [24], Tanzania [34] and Pakistan [35]. Similar study in Gondar also reported that Ante-partum hemorrhage is significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes, bleeding during pregnancy is one of the etiologies of anemia leading to intrauterine oxygen inadequacy [32].…”

“…Similar finding was also reported from the study done in India [33] which revealed that mothers with PIH were more likely to delivery adverse birth outcome as compared with those women without PIH. This is again supported by a research done in Tanzania [34], China [25], Gondar [32], and Debremarkos [28]. This might be due to hypertension results in decreased blood flow through the spiral arterioles and decreased delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the placenta and fetus and Hypertension also might be associated with placental infarction.…”

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“…Evidence from earlier study showed that reduced placental blood flow leads to decreased fetal growth, with an increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight [29]. In this study Ante-partum hemorrhage during the current pregnancy is significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes this finding was in line with the previous studies in Iran [24], Tanzania [34] and Pakistan [35]. Similar study in Gondar also reported that Ante-partum hemorrhage is significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes, bleeding during pregnancy is one of the etiologies of anemia leading to intrauterine oxygen inadequacy [32].…”

“…Similar finding was also reported from the study done in India [33] which revealed that mothers with PIH were more likely to delivery adverse birth outcome as compared with those women without PIH. This is again supported by a research done in Tanzania [34], China [25], Gondar [32], and Debremarkos [28]. This might be due to hypertension results in decreased blood flow through the spiral arterioles and decreased delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the placenta and fetus and Hypertension also might be associated with placental infarction.…”

Survey of the Relationship Between Mother’s Chronic Diseases and Low Birth Weight in Infants, Ahvaz, South of Iran, 2014

“…LBW is a multi-causal phenomenon that economic, social, and cultural factors contribute to its development, but the factors associated with the mother and the baby are the most important ones (4). Many researchers consider the following factors very effective on LBW which have many negative consequences: maternal age less than 20 years and more than 35 years, maternal smoking during the pregnancy, gestational age less than 37 weeks, lack of weight gain during the pregnancy (5), multiple pregnancy, birth interval of less than 3 years, lack of supplements during the pregnancy (6), maternal chronic diseases (7-9), preeclampsia (10)(11)(12)(13), birth of children with low weight (3), premature birth (14,15), growth retardation intra uterine (16) the pregnancy (17)(18)(19), renal and heart disease (20,21), diabetes (22), sex of the neonate, inadequate antenatal care service utilization and unwanted pregnancy (23,24). The mortality rate of these infants is 40 times more than that of normal-weight infants.…”