Risk factors and detection of brucella ovis in naturally infected rams and ewes

Teixeira, Letícia Soares de Araújo; Pinho, Flaviane Alves de; Batista, Joilson Ferreira; Santana, Misael das Virgens; Soares, Fernando Antônio Ribeiro; Lima, Ana Milena César; Furtado, Leonardo Lopes; Silva, Francisca Kelly dos Santos; Santos, Luma Martins Nunes; Damasceno, Tuanny Creusa Medeiros; Sousa, João Farias de; Oliveira, Marlene Sipaúba de; Cardoso, Janaina de Fátima Saraiva; Paula, Ney Rômulo de Oliveira; Mineiro, Ana Lys Bezerra Barradas

doi:10.4322/rbcv.2021.009

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Our study focused on critical issues and risk factors responsible for the persistence and resurgence of buffalo brucellosis in the province of Caserta. Unlike what has been found in sheep and goats, where the disease appears to have spread mainly due to the movement of animals, with regard to buffaloes, the disease has mostly spread by passing from one farm to another due to the concentration of the herds themselves in certain areas [ 33 , 34 ]. On the other hand, this result is perfectly consistent with the different breeding methods of the two species; buffalo farms are mostly intensive and concentrated farms adjacent to each other, and this has led to direct contact between animals coming from different farms, even in the absence of movements tracked in information systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Study (2015–2020) on the Risk Factors Associated with the Persistence and Spread of Brucellosis in Buffalo Farms in Caserta Province, Italy

Ottaiano,

Brunetti,

Limone

et al. 2024

Veterinary Sciences

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Bovine and bubaline brucellosis is still present in some regions of Italy. Although control and eradication measures have been implemented for several years, the brucellosis situation remains problematic in the Campania region. The infection is present in the provinces of Salerno and Caserta, with the latter experiencing a drastic increase in the prevalence and incidence of infection in buffalo species (Bubalus bubalis) in recent years. The brucellosis eradication plan in Italy is subject to the European co-financing system, and failure to achieve the objectives of the plan has resulted in economic cuts for the Campania Region for years. This study aimed to evaluate the possible risk factors associated with the spread and persistence of brucellosis infection on buffalo farms in the Province of Caserta. The results of official controls carried out from 2015 to 2020 on the buffalo farms of the Province were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the R software (version 4.1.0) on a final dataset consisting of 4583 observations. The possible association between covariates and outcome (presence/absence of infection) was evaluated (T-Fisher and Wilcoxon). A logistic regression model with mixed effects was carried out. The study shows that the risk of infection is statistically associated with the density of farms per square km and previous notifications of abortions on the same farms. Furthermore, animal movements constitute a risk factor for the permanence of infection over time (OR > 1), and herds already infected prior to 2015 were seen to have an almost three-fold higher risk of developing the disease (OR = 3.35).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Study (2015–2020) on the Risk Factors Associated with the Persistence and Spread of Brucellosis in Buffalo Farms in Caserta Province, Italy

Ottaiano,

Brunetti,

Limone

et al. 2024

Veterinary Sciences

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“…The Oüchterlony double immunodiffusion (AGID) test was used to detect anti-bodies against B. ovis [ 26 ]. The appearance of precipitation lines of complete identity with the control serum lines was considered positive serum for antibodies against B. ovis detection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Unidentified Abortion Burden from Four Infectious Pathogenic Microorganisms (Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, Brucella ovis, and Chlamydia abortus) in Ewes Based on Artificial Neural Networks Approach: The Epidemiological Basis for a Control Policy

Arteaga-Troncoso,

Luna-Alvarez,

Hernández-Andrade

et al. 2023

Animals

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Unidentified abortion, of which leptospirosis, brucellosis, and ovine enzootic abortion are important factors, is the main cause of disease spread between animals and humans in all agricultural systems in most developing countries. Although there are well-defined risk factors for these diseases, these characteristics do not represent the prevalence of the disease in different regions. This study predicts the unidentified abortion burden from multi-microorganisms in ewes based on an artificial neural networks approach and the GLM. Methods: A two-stage cluster survey design was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of abortifacient microorganisms and to identify putative factors of infectious abortion. Results: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella was 70.7%, while Leptospira spp. was 55.2%, C. abortus was 21.9%, and B. ovis was 7.4%. Serological detection with four abortion-causing microorganisms was determined only in 0.87% of sheep sampled. The best GLM is integrated via serological detection of serovar Hardjo and Brucella ovis in animals of the slopes with elevation between 2600 and 2800 meters above sea level from the municipality of Xalatlaco. Other covariates included in the GLM, such as the sheep pen built with materials of metal grids and untreated wood, dirt and concrete floors, bed of straw, and the well water supply were also remained independently associated with infectious abortion. Approximately 80% of those respondents did not wear gloves or masks to prevent the transmission of the abortifacient zoonotic microorganisms. Conclusions: Sensitizing stakeholders on good agricultural practices could improve public health surveillance. Further studies on the effect of animal–human transmission in such a setting is worthwhile to further support the One Health initiative.

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“…The acute stage is characterized by nonspecific symptoms similar to those of a flu-like or septicemic illness. Clinical manifestations may be the effect of many disorders, such as osteoarticular, dermal, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological involvement, thus mimicking many other infectious and noninfectious diseases (Shirima GM-Tanz J Hlth Res (2010) [20]; Soares de Araujo Teixeira et al, 2017 [21]). Direct invasion of the central nervous system may occur in about 5% of cases (B. melitensis), and meningitis or meningoencephalitis is the most common finding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020

Brunetti,

Ottaiano,

Fordellone

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Brucella is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen that causes infection in sheep and goats (B. melitensis.); B. melitensis can also infect other animals. Sheep and goat brucellosis is still present in some regions of Italy, including Campania, and causes considerable economic losses and health threats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible risk factors influencing the spread of brucellosis among sheep and goat farms in the Campania region in order to provide the local veterinary services with practical support in evaluating and planning diagnostic, preventive and control interventions. The results of official controls for brucellosis carried out from 2015 to 2020 in the sheep and goat farms of the Campania Region were analyzed. Data were extracted from the National Veterinary Information Systems and the Laboratory Management System of the Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy. Statistical analysis was carried out through the software R version 4.1.0; the dataset consisted of 37,442 observations, and 9 qualitative and quantitative variables were evaluated on 8487 farms, 248 of which were positive. The association between covariates and the outcome (presence/absence of the disease) was evaluated (Fisher and Wilcoxon tests). A logistic regression model with mixed effects was carried out. This study confirmed that brucellosis in sheep and goats in the Campania region mostly occurs through contact with infected animals imported from other farms (OR = 3.41—IC 95% [1.82–6.41]). Farms with a greater number of animals were seen to be at the greatest risk of infection (OR = 1.04—IC 95% [1.03–1.05]); previous suspension of healthy status also proved to be a risk factor (OR = 55.8—IC 95% [26.7–117]).

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Risk factors and detection of brucella ovis in naturally infected rams and ewes

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A Retrospective Study (2015–2020) on the Risk Factors Associated with the Persistence and Spread of Brucellosis in Buffalo Farms in Caserta Province, Italy

A Retrospective Study (2015–2020) on the Risk Factors Associated with the Persistence and Spread of Brucellosis in Buffalo Farms in Caserta Province, Italy

Modelling the Unidentified Abortion Burden from Four Infectious Pathogenic Microorganisms (Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, Brucella ovis, and Chlamydia abortus) in Ewes Based on Artificial Neural Networks Approach: The Epidemiological Basis for a Control Policy

Risk Factors for the Spread of Brucellosis in Sheep and Goats in the Campania Region in the Years 2015–2020

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