Risk factors and prodromal eating pathology

Abstract

Prospective studies have identified factors that increase risk for eating pathology onset, including perceived pressure for thinness, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, and negative affect. Research also suggests that body dissatisfaction and dietary restraint may constitute prodromal stages of the development of eating disorders. Prevention trials indicate that interventions that reduce pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and negative affect significantly reduce eating disorder symptoms. Further, there is evidence that selective prevention programs that target young women at elevated risk for eating pathology by virtue of thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and negative affect produce significant larger intervention effects than do universal programs offered to unselected populations. Thus, research on risk factors and prodromal stages of eating pathology has assisted in the design of efficacious prevention programs and the identification of high-risk individuals to target with these interventions; additional research in this area may lead to even more effective prevention programs.

The developmental effects of media-ideal internalization and self-objectification processes on adolescents’ negative body-feelings, dietary restraint, and binge eating

“…Despite evidence of the effects of feelings of caloric deprivation associated with restriction in the amount of food consumed and violation of inflexible dietary rules on binge eating [13,14,23,33,50,81], 10 it has been suggested that this direction of influence may be reversed and that binge eaters may attempt to avoid and or limit the subsequent weight/body fat gain resulting from binge eating episodes via dieting [12,81,82]. The results of additional analyses (Fig.…”

“…Although the conflicting findings between these studies cannot be easily interpreted as Spoor et al [82] assess the latent variables via different self-report measures of restrained eating and bulimia, a possible explanation might be the difference in sample characteristics, particularly age. It might be possible that the temporal relationships between dietary restraint and binge eating are evident in 10 For contradictory findings and potential explanations especially in terms of methodological and statistical shortcomings, see [12,81]. adolescence, but not in adulthood.…”

“…At present, cognitive dissonance, the current main line of body and eating-related prevention programming [9], targets media-ideal internalization by inducing cognitive dissonance with respect to pressures to meet gendered beauty ideals (for details see [9,10]). Results from this study suggest that such interventions might be even more effective if they also targeted the self-objectification that seems to stem from media-ideal internalization.…”

“…Negative feelings about one's body have been identified as one of the most robust and best-replicated risk factors for EDs and subclinical ED symptoms [10][11][12][13][14][15], typically emerging from middle adolescence onwards (with peak incidence and prevalence occurring at age 17-18) [1-3, 5, 7, 13-15]. Thus, middle to late adolescence may represent an important developmental period for elucidating the complex aetiological processes of negative bodyfeelings and eating pathology so that optimally targeted interventions for this age group may be implemented.…”

Conductas alimentarias de riesgo y correlatos psicosociales en estudiantes universitarios de primer ingreso con sobrepeso y obesidad

“…Se ha encontrado, en estudiantes universitarios, que la comorbilidad psiquiátrica se incrementa en presencia de CAR. 19 Los síntomas depresivos son algunos de los factores de riesgo con mayor potencia para predecir TCA, según lo reportado por Jacobi et al 20 La presencia de la IIED y de IC también ha sido reportada en estudios longitudinales como factores de riesgo para TCA, 21 así como la presencia de autoestima baja antes de la aparición de este tipo de psicopatología. 22 Este trabajo tiene varios objetivos; analizar de manera separada para hombres y mujeres: 1) la relación entre CAR e IMC, 2) la interacción del IMC en la asociación de CAR con variables demográficas y psicológicas y 3) la asociación de CAR con todas las variables de estudio.…”