Risk factors associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia in the presence of optimal statin therapy

Zhao, Wang; Zheng, Xi-Long; Jiang, Zenan; Liao, Xiao‐Bo; Zhao, Shui‐Ping

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.06.105

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The traditional risk factors for CVD were defined as described in our previous study 45 – 48 . Specifically, hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg in more than two measurements and/or the requirement of treatment with antihypertension drugs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with stable coronary artery disease

Dai

Long

Cheng

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Recent studies have suggested that lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the contribution of Lp(a) to residual risk of CVD has not been determined in Chinese populations. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the association between Lp(a) and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) who received optimal medication treatment (OMT). The study enrolled 1602 patients with stable CAD from 5 hospitals in China. The baseline clinical characteristics and follow-up MACE data for the patients were recorded. Coronary lesion severity was assessed by the Gensini scoring system. All-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke and unplanned coronary revascularization were considered MACEs. We found that plasma Lp(a) levels were positively associated with coronary lesion severity at baseline (p < 0.001). During a mean follow-up period of 39.6 months, 166 (10.4%) patients suffered MACEs. There were significant differences in the adjusted event-free survival rates among the Lp(a) quartile subgroups (p = 0.034). The hazard ratio for MACEs was 1.291 (95% confidence interval: 1.091–1.527, p = 0.003) per standardized deviation in the log-transformed Lp(a) level after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, Lp(a) was an independent predictor of MACEs in Chinese patients with stable CAD who received OMT.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with stable coronary artery disease

Dai

Long

Cheng

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…When lifestyle changes are not effective in lowering the serum cholesterol, statins are recommended for the first-line treatment. Statins are the most widely prescribed medications to treat hyperlipidaemia and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and related mortality [42], [43]. Several studies have demonstrated that statins are effective in decreasing the size of tendon xanthomas [44], [45].…”

Section: Managements For Tendon Pathology In Hypercholesterolaemia Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tendon pathology in hypercholesterolaemia patients: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and management

Yang

2019

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation

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Tendon pathology is a general term used to describe a group of musculoskeletal conditions related to tendons and surrounding structures. There is only limited evidence available regarding the exact aetiology and natural history of tendon pathology. In hypercholesterolaemia environments, lipids could accumulate within the extracellular matrix of the tendon and thus affect the mechanical properties of the tendon. Current evidence suggested that hypercholesterolaemia was an important risk factor in the development and progression of tendon pathology. The severity of hypercholesterolaemia was correlated with the severity of tendon pathology.The translational potential of this article: Hypercholesterolaemia lead to the structural, inflammatory and mechanical changes in tendons, which predispose hypercholesterolaemia patients to a greater risk of tendon pathology. Measurements of serum cholesterol are suggested to be performed in patients presenting with tendon pathology. The strict control of hypercholesterolaemia would mitigate the development and progression of tendon pathology.

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“…Over the last 10 years, blood lipid control in China has substantially improved and the overall low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) control rate increased from 8.9% in 2007 to 61.5% in 2012 ( 3 , 4 ); however, the control of blood lipids in very high-risk patients is still poor. Most patients use statin monotherapy, since statin is the first-line therapy for lipid-lowering ( 5 , 6 ). However, the average difference between LDL-C levels after treatment and target LDL-C levels in high-risk/extremely high-risk patients is still >30 mg/dl (0.777 mmol/l), indicating the lack of efficiency of statin monotherapy ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of hybutimibe in combination with atorvastatin for treatment of hypercholesteremia among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk equivalent: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded phase III study

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of hybutimibe plus atorvastatin for lipid control in hypercholesterolemia patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk equivalent.MethodsIn this double-blind phase III study, we 1:1 randomly assigned 255 hypercholesterolemia patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to receive hybutimibe plus atorvastatin or placebo plus atorvastatin. The primary endpoint was the rate of change of plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level at 12 weeks from baseline. The secondary endpoints were plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, apoprotein (Apo) B, and 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week Apo A1 levels change rate and rates of change of plasma LDL-C levels at 2, 4, and 8 weeks from baseline.ResultsFrom April 2016 to January 2018, 128 in the hybutimibe plus atorvastatin group and 125 in the atorvastatin group were included in modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis. After 12 weeks of treatment, LDL-C level changed from 2.61 mmol/L (±0.30) at baseline to 2.18 mmol/L (±0.45) in the hybutimibe plus atorvastatin group and from 2.58 (±0.31) mmol/L to 2.40 (± 0.46) mmol/L in the atorvastatin group (P < 0.0001), in mITT. The change rate in the hybutimibe plus atorvastatin group was significantly higher than that in the atorvastatin group (P < 0.0001); the estimated mean rates of change were −16.39 (95% confidence interval: −19.04, −13.74) and −6.75 (−9.48, −4.02), respectively. Consistently, in per-protocol set (PPS) analysis, the rate of change of LDL-C in the hybutimibe plus atorvastatin group was significantly higher than that in atorvastatin group. Significant decreases in the change rates of non-HDL-C, TC, and Apo B at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks (all P < 0.05) were observed for hybutimibe plus atorvastatin, while the differences were not significant for HDL-C, TG, and Apo-A1 (all P > 0.05). During the study period, no additional side effects were reported.ConclusionsHybutimibe combined with atorvastatin resulted in significant improvements in LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TC, and Apo B compared with atorvastatin alone. The safety and tolerability were also acceptable, although additional benefits of hybutimibe plus atorvastatin were not observed compared with atorvastatin alone in HDL-C, TG, and Apo-A1.

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Risk factors associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia in the presence of optimal statin therapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with stable coronary artery disease

Elevated plasma lipoprotein(a) levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with stable coronary artery disease

Tendon pathology in hypercholesterolaemia patients: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and management

Efficacy and safety of hybutimibe in combination with atorvastatin for treatment of hypercholesteremia among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk equivalent: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded phase III study

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