Risk factors associated with open gingival embrasures after orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the incidence of and contributing factors to open gingival embrasures between the central incisors after orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: One hundred posttreatment patients (29 men and 71 women; mean age, 24.7 years) were divided retrospectively into occurrence and nonoccurrence groups based on intraoral photographs. Based on the severity, the occurrence group was further divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups. Parameters from periapical radiographs, superimposed lateral cephalograms, and study models were compared between the occurrence and the nonoccurrence groups by using independent t-tests and were also analyzed on the basis of severity via analysis of variance. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the contributing factors to open gingival embrasures. Results:The incidence of open gingival embrasures between the central incisors was 22% and 36% in the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. Lingual movement of the incisors, distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment, antero-posterior overlap of the two central incisors before treatment in the maxilla, and distance from the contact point to the alveolar crest after treatment in the mandible were significantly associated with the occurrence of open gingival embrasures (P , .05). In the mandible, the amount of intrusion was significantly related to severity (P , .05). Conclusions:The incidence of open gingival embrasures following orthodontic tooth movement is high. Therefore, attention should be paid to the contributing factors to prevent or reduce the occurrence of open gingival embrasures. (Angle Orthod. 2018;88:267-274.)

Influence of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion on the interdental papilla height of maxillary central incisors

“…Studies have reported a 98% presence of the interdental papilla when this distance was 5 mm or less, 56% presence at a distance of 6 mm and only 27% presence at a distance of 7 mm [30]. More recent studies are in agreement with this finding [4,11,20,22]. This study revealed that the height between crestal alveolar bone and the incisal contact point before and after treatment including SARME in the group with recession was lower compared to the group with recession, though this difference was just short of reaching statistical significance.…”

Incidence of Gingival Black Triangles following Treatment with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: A Systematic Review

“…At this step, 14 articles were nominated ( Figure 1 ) for full-text reading, which led to the exclusion of the other nine articles [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], and the reasons for excluding these records are summarized in Table 1 . Finally, five articles [ 1 , 10 , 13 , 41 , 42 ] fulfilling the eligibility criteria were further analyzed for data extraction and answering the PEO question. The computed Cohen’s kappa values for inter-reviewer agreement for the title/abstract and full-text screening procedure were 0.83 and 0.89, respectively.…”

“…GBT (also called “open gingival embrasure”) is formed due to the loss of interdental papilla [ 9 ]. In addition, GBT may cause periodontal problems due to food retention and potential difficulty in mechanical plaque control [ 10 ]. Therefore, the prevention of GBT formation by preserving the interdental papilla, especially in the esthetic zone, must be considered during OT [ 11 ].…”

“…Therefore, the prevention of GBT formation by preserving the interdental papilla, especially in the esthetic zone, must be considered during OT [ 11 ]. Furthermore, understanding the etiopathophysiology of GBT and developing an appropriate treatment plan is crucial to decreasing the incidence and severity of GBT following OT [ 10 ].…”

Atokiosios Ortodontinio Gydymo Komplikacijos

“…Lygiai toks pat tarpdantinių dantenų dimensijos pokytis stebimas ortodontiškai gydant susigrūdusius, persidengusius kandžius -kai dantys ištiesinami, buvusi dantenų spenelio morfologija (siauras, ilgas spenelis) nebeatitinka gydymu pasiekto naujo kontakto tarp dantų tipo (spenelis lieka per trumpas) [30]. Ortodontinio gydymo plano žingsniai -AŽ kandžio pašalinimas arba intruzija, VŽ centrinių kandžių judėjimas liežuvio kryptimi ar dantų judesys lūpų kryptimi -laikomi ATK atsiradimą predisponuojančiais ortodontijos etapais [31][32][33]. Planuojant ortodontinį gydymą, dėmesį reikėtų atkreipti į trikampio formos priekinių dantų vainikus (tokiems esant, būdingos diverguojančios šaknys, ilgesnis tarpdantinis tarpas bei didesnis atstumas tarp alveolinio kaulo keteros ir dantų kontaktinio taško), ploną dantenų biotipą (šis nepasižymi gausia kraujotaka ir gera audinio "atmintimi" veikiant išorinėms, t.y.…”