Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a population-based, longitudinal study in Manitoba, Canada

Tyas, Suzanne L.; Manfreda, Jure; Strain, Laurel A.; Montgomery, Patrick R.

doi:10.1093/ije/30.3.590

Cited by 220 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Lindsay, Plassman, and Tyas also found a significant relationship between the education and the score of cognitive test. The findings were the same as the current study results (48,55,56). The results of a research conducted by Masoomi et al, were the same as those of the current study.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

et al. 2017

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Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of the Alzheimer disease, and its risk and protective factors in the elderly people referred to health centers in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: The current descriptive, analytical study was conducted on 2000 elderly by the randomly selection method. Mini-mental state exam (MMSE) and geriatric depression scales (GDS) were applied to gather the data. Afterwards, the cases with cognitive deficit went through the psychological and neurological examinations. All statistical computations were conducted by SPSS software, version 22. Results: Of the total number of studied people, 7.85% were identified with cognitive impairment. However, the prevalence of Alzheimer disease was 2.3%. The results indicated that listening to music daily, weekly visits by friends, and the daily consumption of vitamin E were the protective factors, while depression was one of the risk factors in developing the Alzheimer disease. Conclusions: The findings suggested a unique opportunity for early diagnosis and preventive interventions.

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confidence: 90%

The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

et al. 2017

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“…Methods of exposure determination in these studies vary, ranging from proxy reports [22][23][24] to self-administered mail-in questionnaires 25 to structured in-person interviews. 2,24 Determination of the level of occupational pesticide exposure is particularly difficult because it depends on the duration of use, the method of application, and whether safety equipment was used, or used properly.…”

Section: 21-25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Others have found elevated risks but probably lacked the power to find significant associations. 21,24,25 In a carefully conducted study from the PAQUID cohort, 2 pesticide exposures were evaluated in great detail. Inperson questionnaires were used in combination with job coding classifications; a panel of experts assessed the likelihood of exposure associated with each job classification and a job exposure matrix was produced.…”

Section: 21-25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 In the current study, our exposure ascertainment is derived from in-person structured interviews with cues for types of pesticides. Results of investigations into the reliability of data collection methods used in the Agricultural Health Study 27 suggest that our methods may be more accurate than those applied in studies that use mail back questionnaires 25 and reports from proxy informants which were necessarily used in case-control studies. [22][23][24] The Agricultural Health Study analysis showed that structured questionnaires with cues yield better information than open-ended questioning.…”

Section: 21-25mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational exposure to pesticides increases the risk of incident AD

Hayden¹,

Norton²,

Darcey³

et al. 2010

Neurology

328

169

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“…We excluded reviews, editorials, nonhuman studies, and case reports; we also excluded publications that explored the association between serum pesticide levels and risk of AD, as these data could not be meta-analysed because of their different formats in the reporting of results. After excluding those studies that failed to meet the inclusion criteria, a total of seven publications were selected, providing data on three cohort 12,17,18 and four case-control studies [19][20][21][22] . The flowchart of literature selection is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Detraining on Ach, AchE, β-amyloid, Apolipoprotein Expression and Cognitive Function in Brain Tissue of Memory Impairment Rats

정¹,

박²,

윤³

2017

Exerc Sci

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Evidence suggests that lifelong cumulative exposure to pesticides may generate lasting toxic effects on the central nervous system and contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A number of reports indicate a potential association between long-term/low-dose pesticide exposure and AD, but the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify this association. Relevant studies were identified according to inclusion criteria. Summary odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using fixed-effects models. A total of seven studies were included in our meta-analysis. A positive association was observed between pesticide exposure and AD (OR = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 1.67; n = 7). The summary ORs with 95% CIs from the crude and adjusted effect size studies were 1.14 (95% CI = 0.94, 1.38; n = 7) and 1.37 (95% CI = 1.09, 1.71; n = 5), respectively. The sensitivity analyses of the present meta-analysis did not substantially modify the association between pesticide exposure and AD. Subgroup analyses revealed that high-quality studies tended to show significant relationships. The present meta-analysis suggested a positive association between pesticide exposure and AD, confirming the hypothesis that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for AD. Further highquality cohort and case-control studies are required to validate a causal relationship.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurological disease and results in an irreversible loss of neurons 1 . Late-onset AD, which typically develops after age 60, is the most common form and is characterized by the insidious onset of dementia, progressive memory loss, and cognitive decline ultimately leading to dysfunction in daily life and work abilities 2 . Pathologically, amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the main forms of aggregated proteins involved in AD. Amyloid plaques are visible protein aggregates derived from the dimers and oligomers of brain amyloid-β protein, while neurofibrillary tangles are composed of a compact filamentous network of helical filaments of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Together these neuropathological changes are thought to result in the loss of synapses and neuronal cell death, leading in cognitive dysfunction 3,4 . The aetiology of late-onset AD remains largely unknown but is believed to be multifaceted, resulting from both genetic and environmental factors 5 . The main risk factor is clearly age, though research has identified some genetic risk factors that may account for a small percentage of AD cases 6 . The most well established genetic component of AD risk is the APOE-ε 4 allele 7,8 . Epidemiological studies have reported a higher prevalence of AD in rural areas than in urban settings. Over the past decades, pesticides have been used to increase the productivity and the specialization of cultures in rural areas 9 . Evidence from in-vitro models and animal studies suggests that long-term/low-dose pesticide exposure may lead to the neuronal loss in specific brain regi...

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Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a population-based, longitudinal study in Manitoba, Canada

Cited by 220 publications

References 59 publications

The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

Occupational exposure to pesticides increases the risk of incident AD

Effects of Detraining on Ach, AchE, β-amyloid, Apolipoprotein Expression and Cognitive Function in Brain Tissue of Memory Impairment Rats

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