Risk Factors for Dengue Infection during an Outbreak in Yanes, Puerto Rico in 1991

Rodríguez-Figueroa, Linnette; Rigau‐Pérez, José G.; Suárez, Erick; Reiter, Paul L.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.496

Cited by 84 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…Schools are a logical focus for transmission in endemic areas, since asymptomatic, viremic children associate with other children in a setting that often includes the vector. 6,18 Among homes, transmission can be clustered within households, 17,19 within groups of houses in neighborhoods, 20,21 or in particular neighborhoods within cities. 22 The correlates associated with clustering of dengue infection included larval abundance of Aedes aegypti and generally lower socioeconomic conditions 17,22 or greater abundance of adult vector mosquitoes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 The correlates associated with clustering of dengue infection included larval abundance of Aedes aegypti and generally lower socioeconomic conditions 17,22 or greater abundance of adult vector mosquitoes. 21 The extreme variation of DEN rates in Chachoengsao villages is another indication of how transmission can be more concentrated in one area and less concentrated in nearby areas. The rate of 256 DEN per 1,000 in Village 9 would translate to approximately 33 symptomatic cases per 1,000, compared to a national rate of only 8 cases per 1,000 for the entire year of 1987, the worst epidemic Thailand had experienced up to 1997.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentration of mosquito abatement assets in highrisk areas could conceivably stop an outbreak before it had a chance to start. Numerous studies 17,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] suggest what would seem to be a self-evident connection between vector density and intensity of transmission. However, there is currently strong opinion that the correlation is weak 28,29 and that transmission will proceed when the vector is scarce.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of dengue and Japanese encephalitis among children in rural and suburban Thai villages.

Strickman¹,

Sithiprasasna²,

Kittayapong³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. In the rainy season of 1989, IgG and IgM antibodies against dengue and Japanese encephalitis viruses (measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay [ELISA]) in serum from all primary-school children in two areas of central Thailand were sampled in order to choose a study site for more detailed epidemiological and entomological analysis. Students in three schools in the largely non-agricultural, suburban community of Bang Bua Thong, Nontaburi Province were sampled in late June and July. Of 1,477 children, 33/1,000 had recent dengue infection and 7/1,000 had recent JE infection. The rate of dengue infection in each village influenced the rate in schools, in that the rate of the school could be predicted from the proportion of students coming from each village. This result suggested that most transmission occurred in the residential environment; otherwise, the rate in each village going to a single school would be identical. Serum samples were taken in late August in the agricultural community of Hua Samrong, Chachoengsao Province. Of 748 students in two schools, 95/1,000 had signs of recent dengue infection and 32/1,000 had signs of recent JE infection. Two of 12 villages had significantly less flavivirus infection than some other villages and three villages had significantly more flavivirus infection. The children from one village had a dengue infection rate of 256 per 1,000, which was higher than the national average for the worst year (1987) previously recorded in Thailand. Within Hua Samrong, there was evidence for significant dengue transmission in one of the schools and concentrated transmission in small areas of two of the villages. The younger age group (3-8 years old) had significantly higher risk of infection by either flavivirus than older children. Elevated homes with wooden floors had significantly higher risk of dengue in the largest village. The observations from 1989 describe the epidemiological situation in rapidly developing, rural villages. This stage of development is probably being repeated throughout Southeast Asia as formerly isolated, rural villages become connected by transportation and economy to urban centers. What appears to be a single dengue outbreak based on passive surveillance conducted on a regional basis may actually be a variety of epidemiological situations. The practical implication of this conclusion is that application of a combination of vaccination and vector control should be targeted to higher risk areas in order to increase the likelihood of regional dengue virus eradication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distribution of dengue and Japanese encephalitis among children in rural and suburban Thai villages.

Strickman¹,

Sithiprasasna²,

Kittayapong³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The majority of information has come from data obtained through the Puerto Rico passive dengue surveillance system (PDSS) and several seroepidemiologic studies. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] These studies have shown that the highest incidence of disease is among 10-to 19-year-olds and that disease incidence varies by year and municipality. However, PDSS is not capable of detecting inapparent DENV infection, and none of the previous seroepidemiologic studies described seroincidence of inapparent DENV infections among school-aged children and adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Dengue Virus Infection in School-Aged Children in Puerto Rico: A Prospective Seroepidemiologic Study

Argüello¹,

Tomashek²,

Quiñones³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Dengue is a potentially fatal acute febrile illness caused by the mosquito-borne dengue viruses (DENV-1 to -4). To estimate DENV seroincidence in school-aged children, a 1-year prospective cohort study was conducted in Patillas, Puerto Rico; 10-to 18-year-olds (N = 345) were randomly selected from 13 public schools. At enrollment, 49.8% of the entire cohort had DENV immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-DENV antibodies, and there were individuals with neutralizing antibodies specific to each of the four DENV. The mean age of participants with incident DENV infection was 13.4 years. The 1-year seroincidence rate was 5.6%, and 61.1% of infections were inapparent. Having IgG anti-DENV at enrollment was associated with seroincidence (risk ratio = 6.8). Acute febrile illnesses during the study period were captured by a fever diary and an enhanced and passive surveillance system in the municipios of Patillas and Guayama. In summary, at enrollment, nearly one-half of the participants had a prior DENV infection, with the highest incidence in the 10-to 11-year-olds, of which most were inapparent infections, and symptomatic infections were considered mild.

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“…To identify additional cases, convalescent or second specimens were screened for anti-DENV IgG antibody at a dilution of 1:100. 25,26 Because 50-80% of DENV infections can be asymptomatic, 22,27,28 anti-DENV IgG titers to detect seroconversion were determined on paired specimens positive at the screening dilution for symptomatic and non-ill travelers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cluster of Dengue Cases in American Missionaries Returning from Haiti, 2010

Sharp¹,

Pillai²,

Hunsperger³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Dengue is an acute febrile illness caused by four mosquito-borne dengue viruses (DENV-1 to -4) that are endemic throughout the tropics. After returning from a 1-week missionary trip to Haiti in October of 2010, 5 of 28 (18%) travelers were hospitalized for dengue-like illness. All travelers were invited to submit serum specimens and complete questionnaires on pre-travel preparations, mosquito avoidance practices, and activities during travel. DENV infection was confirmed in seven (25%) travelers, including all travelers that were hospitalized. Viral sequencing revealed closest homology to a 2007 DENV-1 isolate from the Dominican Republic. Although most (88%) travelers had a pre-travel healthcare visit, only one-quarter knew that dengue is a risk in Haiti, and one-quarter regularly used insect repellent. This report confirms recent DENV transmission in Haiti. Travelers to DENV-endemic areas should receive dengue education during pre-travel health consultations, follow mosquito avoidance recommendations, and seek medical care for febrile illness during or after travel.

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Risk Factors for Dengue Infection during an Outbreak in Yanes, Puerto Rico in 1991

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Distribution of dengue and Japanese encephalitis among children in rural and suburban Thai villages.

Distribution of dengue and Japanese encephalitis among children in rural and suburban Thai villages.

Incidence of Dengue Virus Infection in School-Aged Children in Puerto Rico: A Prospective Seroepidemiologic Study

A Cluster of Dengue Cases in American Missionaries Returning from Haiti, 2010

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