Risk factors for esophagitis in extreme acid hypersecretors with and without Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

High prevalence of duodenal ulcer in a tertiary care hospital in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil

“…Association of duodenal ulcer with esophagitis was already described at higher rates of 33% (1) than in the present study (17%). One possible explanation is higher acid secretion that has a role in the etiology of duodenal ulcer (9) and gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications (7) more frequently found in the male gender (3) . The unexpected cases of duodenal ulcer with atrophic gastritis may be the result of a long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (18) .…”

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

“…Impaired clearance of the refluxed gastric juice from the esophagus also contributes to damage in many patients. Whereas some gastroesophageal reflux is normal (and relates to the ability to belch), several factors may predispose patients to pathologic reflux, including hiatus hernia,10,11 lower esophageal sphincter hypotension, loss of esophageal peristaltic function, abdominal obesity,11,12 increased compliance of the hiatal canal,13 gastric hypersecretory states,14 delayed gastric emptying, and overeating. Often multiple risk factors are present.…”

Costs and Risks in the Management of Patients With Gastric Acid Hypersecretion

“…Among the variables examined, demographics, sex, race, and age were not significantly implicated in the relapses, nor were smoking, H. pylori, or baseline status before treatment implicated. 13 However, BAO under treatment at the time of relapses had a significant influence on the appearance of relapses. There were 8 relapses with BAO >5 in 86 visits (10%) compared with 13 relapses in 732 visits (2%) with BAO of <5.…”