Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Infection Among Sexually Transmitted Disease‐Infected, Inner City Obstetric Patients

Choy, Youyin; Gittens-Williams, Lisa; Apuzzio, Joseph J.; Skurnick, Joan; Zollicoffer, Carl; McGovern, Peter G.

doi:10.1080/10647440300025520

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This rate is similar to that of the general population; however, higher levels have been reported when women from high-risk populations are studied [1][2][3]. As with the general population, the presence of risk factors, such as intravenous drug abuse, multiple sexual partners, and blood transfusions, increases the prevalence of hepatitis C in select groups of pregnant women.…”

Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 60%

“…As with the general population, the presence of risk factors, such as intravenous drug abuse, multiple sexual partners, and blood transfusions, increases the prevalence of hepatitis C in select groups of pregnant women. A study of 106 pregnant women from the inner city with sexually transmitted diseases found a very high prevalence of 6.6% [3]. In contrast, a large study of 30,259 childbearing women in Scotland reported a seroprevalence of less than 0.5% [2].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Hepatitis C in pregnancy

2005

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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Hepatitis C is a worldwide health problem affecting men and women of all ages. In young pregnant women, however, the existence of hepatitis C presents a set of unique issues for the mother and the child. For the mother, therapeutic and medical decisions for hepatitis C are affected by pregnancy. For the child, transmission of hepatitis C from the mother can occur. Identification of risk factors for mother-to-child transmission and prevention of this transmission are the foremost concerns.

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Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Hepatitis C in pregnancy

2005

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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“…HIV infection [33,34], Black race [35][36][37], and older age [33,38,39] have been linked with HCV infection in other studies. Our finding that these characteristics were associated with higher anti-HCV prevalence among both IDUs and non-IDUs supports the view that these are common risk factors for HCV exposure regardless of the route of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Differences in hepatitis C virus prevalence and clearance by mode of acquisition among men who have sex with men

Witt

Jacobson

Detels

et al. 2013

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Objective To compare the characteristics associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody (anti-HCV) prevalence and HCV clearance between injection drug using (IDU) and non-IDU men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods Stored serum and plasma samples were tested for anti-HCV and HCV RNA to determine the HCV status of 6925 MSM at enrollment into the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Prevalence and clearance ratios (PR and CR) were calculated to determine the characteristics associated with HCV prevalence and clearance. Multivariable analyses were performed using Poisson regression methods with robust variance estimation. Results Anti-HCV prevalence was significantly higher among IDU than non-IDU MSM (42.9% vs. 4.0%) while clearance was significantly lower among IDU MSM (11.5% vs. 34.5% among non-IDU MSM). HIV infection, Black race, and older age were independently associated with higher prevalence in both groups while smoking, transfusion history, and syphilis were significantly associated with prevalence only among non-IDU MSM. The rs12979860-C/C genotype was the only characteristic independently associated with HCV clearance in both groups, but the effects of both rs12979860-C/C genotype (CR=4.16 IDUs vs. 1.71 non-IDUs; p=0.03) and HBsAg positivity (CR=5.06 IDUs vs. 1.62 non-IDUs; p=0.03) were significantly larger among IDU MSM. HIV infection was independently associated with lower HCV clearance only among non-IDU MSM (CR=0.59, 95% CI=0.40–0.87). Conclusions IDU MSM have higher anti-HCV prevalence and lower HCV clearance than non-IDU MSM. Differences in the factors associated with HCV clearance suggest that the mechanisms driving the response to HCV may differ according to the mode of acquisition.

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“…Six eligible prevalence studies were found in this category, for a total pooled sample size of 1341 participants (Table 3) (30–35). The incidence was estimated using established techniques (28) based on prevalence among IDUs as the reference category (32–65). Incidence was calculated to be 1.8 per 100 person‐years (range 1.7–2.0, Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Window Period Hepatitis-C Infection in High Infectious Risk Donors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kucirka

Sarathy

Govindan

et al. 2011

American Journal of Transplantation

139

131

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The OPTN classifies high infectious risk donors (HRDs) based on criteria originally intended to identify people at risk for HIV infection. These donors are sometimes referred to as 'CDC high risk donors' in reference to the CDC-published guidelines adopted by the OPTN. However, these guidelines are also being used to identify deceased donors at increased risk of window period (WP) hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, although not designed for this purpose. The actual risk of WP HCV infection in HRDs is unknown. We performed a systematic review of 3476 abstracts and identified 37 eligible estimates of HCV incidence in HRD populations in the United States/Canada. Pooled HCV incidence was derived and used to estimate the risk of WP infection for each HRD category. Risks ranged from 0.26 to 300.6 per 10 000 donors based on WP for ELISA and 0.027 to 32.4 based on nucleic acid testing (NAT). Injection drug users were at highest risk (32.4 per 10 000 donors by NAT WP), followed by commercial sex workers and donors exhibiting high risk sexual behavior (12.3 per 10 000), men who have sex with men (3.5 per 10 000), incarcerated donors (0.8 per 10 000), donors exposed to HIV infected blood (0.4 per 10 000) and hemophiliacs (0.027 per 10 000). NAT reduced WP risk by approximately 10-fold in each category.

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Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Infection Among Sexually Transmitted Disease‐Infected, Inner City Obstetric Patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Hepatitis C in pregnancy

Hepatitis C in pregnancy

Differences in hepatitis C virus prevalence and clearance by mode of acquisition among men who have sex with men

Risk of Window Period Hepatitis-C Infection in High Infectious Risk Donors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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