Risk factors for high death and loss-to-follow-up rates among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at a programmatic management unit

Javaid, Arshad; Shaheen, Zubair; Shafqat, Muhammad Nabeel; Khan, Amer Hayat; Ahmad, Nafees

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.07.026

Cited by 36 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Residence plays a role in the mechanism of LTFU. In Pakistan, the rural residence is associated with LTFU [73], whereas in Uzbekistan, the urban residence is associated with LTFU [18]. This may be caused by access to the treatment center since being far from the treatment center is also associated with LTFU [74].…”

Section: Individual Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss to Follow-Up (LTFU) during Tuberculosis Treatment

Lin¹

2019

Healthcare Access - Regional Overviews [Working Title]

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Loss to follow-up (LTFU) is a serious issue in the field of tuberculosis (TB) since it can lead to TB outbreaks and drug resistance. The proportion of LTFU patients differs among different countries, regions, year, and institutions. In some countries, the number of patients that were LTFU nearly reaches half of the total patients. Underlying factors such as age, gender, education, residence, financial factors, migration, and social stigma are discussed in this chapter. These factors should always be taken into consideration whenever a treatment program is designed. Suggestions have been made regarding some interventions that could potentially solve the problem of LTFU. With these points in mind, an ambitious approach should be taken to reduce the number of LTFU patients up to zero.

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Section: Individual Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss to Follow-Up (LTFU) during Tuberculosis Treatment

Lin¹

2019

Healthcare Access - Regional Overviews [Working Title]

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“…Recently another study was performed in Yemen on multi drug resistant Tuberculosis and their analysis revealed that a baseline body weight of ≤ 40 kg was found to have lower successful treatment rate [19]. Another study performed in Pakistan shows that patient with baseline body weight of < 40 kg were at significantly greater risk of developing death and treatment failure [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective study on Tuberculous Lymphadenitis; A retrospective finding from multicenters referal hospitals

Mohiuddin

Maisharah

Albitar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) represents about 14% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Malaysia. The aims of the study include evaluation of socio-demographic factors, clinical manifestations, co-morbidities among patients with Tuberculous Lymphadenitis and their treatment outcomes.Methods The retrospective study was conducted from 2006 to 2008. Data on socio-demographic along with histopathological results were collected. Signs and symptoms were also recorded from TB registers, treatment cards and TB medical personal files using standard data collection tool. Among multiple variables significant factors identified by univariate analysis, were included in multivariate logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The statistically significant p value was considered as < 0.05.Results There were 348 (57%) males and on the other hand 262 (43%) females which shows almost equal incidence rate of Lymphadenitis in both genders. Mean age was found as 34.3 ± 14.6 years were majorly reported with positive diagnosis. 196 (32.1%) Malay was found with Tuberculous lymphadenitis followed by Chinese population of 148 (24.3%). Geographically from 386 (63.3%) urban population were found positive for lymphadenitis and over 224 (36.7%) of rural region. treatment outcome was observed 444 (72.8%) with successful treatment. WHO states the types of treatment failures and accordingly 85 (13.9%) patients were continued with the therapy that can be due to non-compliance or relapse of Tb. Among unsuccessful outcomes 194 patients of age group 26 -35 years, 65 (33.5%) were reported and 38 (29.7%) patients out of 128 between 16 – 25 years. Blood results showed erythrocyte sedimentation rate greater than 10 in 280 (45.9%) patients. Therefore, among 280 there were 115 (41.1%) patients found to have unsuccessful treatment showing strong association with p-value of <0.001.Conclusion Finding signifies that effect of weight loss on poor treatment outcomes` and active screening measures for patients with comorbidities are therefore recommended in patients with Tb lymphadenitis along with improvements in the diagnosis and early management of co-morbidities complications. As young age group were found to have poor or unsuccessful treatment outcomes and required aggressive strategy together with educating patients can further increase the treatment success rate.

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“…Another contributory factor was unemployment, which was associated with non-adherence to treatment due to lack of transport fare to go to the clinic [17,18] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug resistant tuberculosis conversion rate after initiation on standardised short regimen: Retrospective study

Somfongo¹,

Mupindu²,

Mangi³

2020

Preprint

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Background Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) Tuberculosis (TB) is a global risk. Several suboptimal results were noticed which resulted to introduction of a standardised short regimen of 9-12 to optimise favourable outcomes. This new intervention has not been evaluated for effectiveness since inception in the Eastern Cape Province. Objective: T o evaluate multidrug resistant tuberculosis conversion rate following initiation on short regimen. Methods A retrospective study using a descriptive design was used to collect data from conveniently sampled 71 documents at Nkqubela TB and Duncan Village Day hospitals. Data were collected using a self-designed structured questionnaire and analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Results Sixteen percent (n=19) of 71 records had no consecutive smear results. Demographic findings showed that the majority of the affected age group was between the ages of 36-45 years in both genders (34.7%, n=47) with males being highly affected more than females. The majority of participants were unemployed (51.7%), people living with HIV/AIDS (62.7%), use alcohol and smoking. Conversion rate was 68, 5%. Conclusion There is a need to review EDR web to accommodate sputum results irrespective of TB treatment start date. An extensive, ongoing counselling, support and health education needs to be provided for patients and families until the completion of treatment to emphasize the importance of monthly sputum collection and importance of treatment adherence. Clinicians need to strengthen their counselling and education skills. The introduction of short regimen to treat MDR has shown an improved sputum conversion rate in RR/MDR TB.

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Risk factors for high death and loss-to-follow-up rates among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at a programmatic management unit

Cited by 36 publications

References 7 publications

Loss to Follow-Up (LTFU) during Tuberculosis Treatment

Loss to Follow-Up (LTFU) during Tuberculosis Treatment

A retrospective study on Tuberculous Lymphadenitis; A retrospective finding from multicenters referal hospitals

Multidrug resistant tuberculosis conversion rate after initiation on standardised short regimen: Retrospective study

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