Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Candidemia

Wey, Sérgio Barsanti

doi:10.1001/archinte.1989.00390100145030

Cited by 381 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The major risk factors for invasive fungal infections include fungal colonization; the use of multiple, broad-spectrum antibiotics; the presence of intravascular cannulae (especially Hickman catheter); renal failure; and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit. Wey et al (7) found that prolonged use of antibiotics, especially when more than two were used, significantly increased the risk of nosocomial candideCa n J Infect Dis Vol 8 Suppl B July/Au gust 199 7 0 y. DO NOT c o nNosocomial Candida infections mia (Figure 1) .…”

Section: Risk Factors For Invasive Candidiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A one-day prevalence study of intensive care unit nosocomial infections in 1 7 European countries found that almost half of the patients developed sepsis -50% of these patients acquired their infection in the intensive care unit, and 17% of the isolates were fungi (6) . The mortality rate in candidemic patients is very high, ranging from 38% to 57% (7,8). Although mortality is attributed to a number of factors in these seriously ill patients, Wey et al (7) reported a mortality rate of 38%, which was directly attributed to candidemia (7) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mortality rate in candidemic patients is very high, ranging from 38% to 57% (7,8). Although mortality is attributed to a number of factors in these seriously ill patients, Wey et al (7) reported a mortality rate of 38%, which was directly attributed to candidemia (7) . The Car.adian Invasive Fungal Disease Registry reported an overall mortality rate of 46%, and 18% of deaths were directly attributable to candidemia (3) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for the Management of Nosocomial Candida Infections in Non‐Neutropenic Intensive Care Patients

Demajo¹,

Guimond²,

Rotstein³

et al. 1997

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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A consensus meeting of the Canadian Candidemia Advisory Group was held during the 16th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine on March 19, 1996 in Brussels, Belgium. For this meeting, a group of 20 intensive care and infectious disease specialists were brought together to discuss the risk factors associated withCandidaspecies colonization in intensive care units and the treatment of invasive candidiasis in nonneutropenic patients. Members of the consensus group assessed the evidence available and attempted to reach a consensus on the role of antifungal therapy in the intensive care unit setting.

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Section: Risk Factors For Invasive Candidiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for the Management of Nosocomial Candida Infections in Non‐Neutropenic Intensive Care Patients

Demajo¹,

Guimond²,

Rotstein³

et al. 1997

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…In humans, defects in PMNs have been suggested to be a risk factor for disseminated candidiasis (3) and also for nosocomial candidemia (29) which are frequently related to the use of biomaterials. Our results support the role of PMNs in such infections.…”

Section: Killing Of Candida Albicans Blastospores In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterial‐Associated Infection with Candida albicans in Mice

Różalska

Ljungh

et al. 1995

Microbiology and Immunology

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Candida yeasts are frequently isolated from patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis peritonitis or other biomaterial‐associated infections. The mouse model of candidal peritonitis was used to study the interaction of Candida cells with end‐point attached heparinized polyethylene (H‐PE) and with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) or macrophages (Mφ). Two Candida strains differing in cell surface hydrophobicity and in expression of fibronectin (Fn) binding were used for the study. Cells of both Candida strains adhered at higher numbers to H‐PE surfaces preadsorbed with Fn or with human dialysis fluid (HDF) than to non‐modified H‐PE, supporting a role of Fn in mediating adhesion. C. albicans 4016 cells expressing low hydrophobicity and low binding of soluble Fn demonstrated stronger adhesion to PMNs than the more hydrophobic C. albicans 3248 yeasts, which express high binding of soluble Fn. However, C. albicans 4016 cells were more resistant to phagocytic killing and were hardly eradicated in intraperitoneally infected mice. The animals depleted in PMNs by treatment with CY were neither able to eradicate C. albicans 3248 (rapidly eliminated by normal mice) nor C. albicans 4016 yeasts (with a tendency to persist in the tissues of normal mice).

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“…Risk factors for the development of major candidal infections are well known, and risk factors for the development of Candida infection of the vasculature are largely the same as those reported for candidal infections (33). Both peripheral and deep vascular structures have been involved as well as both the venous and the arterial sides of the circulation and implanted prosthetic vascular materials (10).…”

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confidence: 94%

NeonatalCandida albicansSeptic Thrombosis of the Portal Vein followed by Cavernous Transformation of the Vessel

et al. 2004

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We report two premature neonates with Candida albicans septic thrombosis of the portal vein who developed, in very early childhood, the sonographic appearance of cavernous transformation of the vessel and/or clinical signs of extrahepatic portal hypertension. CASE REPORTS Case 1. A 1,980-g male infant, who was the second infant delivered, was born by emergency cesarean section for fetal distress after a 34-week-triplet gestation to a 35-year-old primigravida mother. Except for premature labor, her pregnancy had been otherwise normal, without prolonged rupture of membranes or maternal fever. The infant had respiratory distress immediately after birth and was therefore admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), where he was treated for 2 days with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and for 5 days with oxygen therapy. On admission to the NICU, a polyvinyl chloride 5 French catheter was inserted into the umbilical vein, and intravenous ampicillin and netilmicin were started for suspected sepsis. The catheter tip was noted to be in the inferior vena cava. Blood culture obtained on admission gave negative test results, and antibiotics were discontinued after 3 days. On postnatal day 8, he developed apnea and bradycardia, irritability, feeding difficulties, and abdominal distension. The same day, the catheter was removed, the cathetertip, blood from peripheral veins, and urine cultures were taken, and the infant was started on teicoplanin therapy. While the infant continued to be symptomatic, on postnatal day 10, the laboratory report for the positive cultures of the catheter tip indicated a pure growth of Candida albicans and treatment was changed to oral fluconazole. On postnatal day 11, the blood culture performed 3 days earlier was reported to have yielded a heavy (defined as Ն50 CFU/ml) (24) growth of C. albicans (sensitive to fluconazole and amphotericin B). He continued treatment with fluconazole for 6 weeks and on day 11 started a 6-week intravenous amphotericin B treatment. Soon after the positive blood culture result, a disseminated fungal workup including abdominal and cranial ultrasound, echocardiogram, and ophthalmologic evaluation was performed. The echocardiogram, cranial ultrasound, and ophthalmologic evaluation were negative. Abdominal gray-scale ultrasound showed that both right and main portal veins were completely filled with hyperechoic thrombus. The spleen was of normal size, but the liver appeared slightly enlarged without sonographic abnormalities of the hepatic parenchyma or of the biliary structures. A second cranial ultrasound revealed, in the parietal and temporal lobes, multiple, bilateral, round hypoechoic lesions with echogenic rims, which were consistent with intracranial abscesses (18). A peripheral venipuncture blood culture obtained 1 week after initiation of antifungal therapy was still positive for C. albicans. However, it became sterile 11 days after antifungal treatment was started. At 35 days of age, the cranial ultrasound became normal, but the abdominal ...

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Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Candidemia

Cited by 381 publications

References 21 publications

Guidelines for the Management of Nosocomial Candida Infections in Non‐Neutropenic Intensive Care Patients

Guidelines for the Management of Nosocomial Candida Infections in Non‐Neutropenic Intensive Care Patients

Biomaterial‐Associated Infection with Candida albicans in Mice

NeonatalCandida albicansSeptic Thrombosis of the Portal Vein followed by Cavernous Transformation of the Vessel

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