Risk factors for multiple sclerosis and associations with anti-EBV antibody titers

Mouhieddine, Tarek H.; Darwish, Hala; Fawaz, Lama; Yamout, Bassem; Tamim, Hani; Khoury, Samia J.

doi:10.1016/j.clim.2015.03.011

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The immune response in male MS patients to EBV antigens VCA and EBNA1 was significantly higher when compared to male healthy controls and female MS patients. Similar finding in a Lebanese study was reported for anti-EBNA1 IgG but not for anti-VCA IgG (Mouhieddine et al, 2015). The progression of MS was also more severe in male MS patients (55.1%) than females (34.8%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Gender influence in EBV antibody response in multiple sclerosis patients from Kuwait

Al-Temaimi

Alroughani

Jacob

et al. 2015

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Gender influence in EBV antibody response in multiple sclerosis patients from Kuwait

Al-Temaimi

Alroughani

Jacob

et al. 2015

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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“…Except for genetic factors, risk factors have been identified as having a direct or causal link to MS, including latitude, vitamin D level, and Epstein-Barr virus [2] . In addition, several epidemiology studies associated obesity with the occurrence of MS [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . However, the conclusion was not unified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Body Weight during Childhood and Adolescence Is Associated with the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Neuroepidemiology

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Background and Aim: Several epidemiological studies have reported the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A literature search of the observational studies, published as original articles in English before December 2015, was performed using electronic databases. Results: Five observational studies were included, of which 3 were case-control studies and 2 were cohort studies. The pooled relative risk (RR) for overweight and obesity during childhood and adolescence compared with normal weight (body mass index = 18.5-24.9 kg/m²) was 1.44 (95% CI 1.22-1.70) and 2.01 (95% CI 1.63-2.48), respectively. In subgroup analyses, we found that excess body weight during childhood and adolescence increased the risk of MS in the female group (overweight: pooled RR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.35-1.94; obesity: pooled RR = 2.25, 95% CI 1.77-2.85), but not in the male group (overweight: pooled RR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.91-1.55; obesity: pooled RR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.79-1.90). Conclusions: Excess body weight during childhood and adolescence was associated with an increased risk of MS; severe obesity demonstrated a stronger risk. A statistically significant association was found in the female group, but not in the male group.

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“…Several studies have brought forth evidence of connections between EBV and infection [14,15]. Researchers have even suggested a prognostic role of elevated anti-EBV antibody titers in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) [16].…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer’s Disease of the Immune System: A New Variant of Immune Deficiency

Melamed¹

2016

Immunother Open Acc

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The interaction between infectious pathogens and the immune system has been a focus of research for many years. However, the failure of re-recognition or immune memory of infectious pathogen remains a clear mystery A memory B cell defect coupled with low levels of C1-INH and/or C1-INH function-failure of both the innate and adaptive immune components-may lead to persistent unresolved infection. Here we present 3 case studies that explore the abnormal immune response that may lead to persistent infection. These cases offer possible clarification of a longstanding clinical observation that some patients may develop a post infectious syndrome that includes various neurological symptoms and unusual fatigue. These patients may have positive serology seen only during acute infectious phase and have a documented positive PCR, suggesting active presence of the pathogen. The unusual presentation is prolonged and irreversible. We use the term "Alzheimer's disease of the immune system" to identify this subtype due to the memory defect of the immune system. As we identified 3 common immune defects in all cases, we suggest a new immune deficiency leading to the post infectious syndrome.

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Risk factors for multiple sclerosis and associations with anti-EBV antibody titers

Cited by 28 publications

References 47 publications

Gender influence in EBV antibody response in multiple sclerosis patients from Kuwait

Gender influence in EBV antibody response in multiple sclerosis patients from Kuwait

Excess Body Weight during Childhood and Adolescence Is Associated with the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis

Alzheimer’s Disease of the Immune System: A New Variant of Immune Deficiency

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