Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Tortella-Feliu, Miquel; Fullana, Miquel A.; Pérez-Vigil, Ana; Torres, Xavier; Chamorro, Jacobo; Littarelli, Sergio A.; Solanes, Aleix; Ramella-Cravaro, Valentina; Vilar, Ana; González-Parra, José A.; Andero, Raül; Reichenberg, Abraham; Mataix‐Cols, David; Vieta, Eduard; Fusar‐Poli, Paolo; Ioannidis, John P. A.; Stein, Murray B.; Raduà, Joaquim; Cruz, Lorena Fernández de la

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.013

Cited by 156 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Our study confirmed the role of depression and stress in IA in response to this outbreak, and these findings were inconsistent with the previous studies ( 8 , 34 – 36 ). It is well-known that adverse experiences are associated with higher depression and stress levels ( 37 ). Internet is entertaining and easy to access, which may be a common way for children and adolescents to release emotions and stress and escape from reality ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet Addiction and Related Psychological Factors Among Children and Adolescents in China During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic

et al. 2020

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Background The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease presenting a major threat to public health. This study aims to assess Internet use characteristics and objectively examine the potential psychological factors associated with Internet addiction (IA) during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods A cross-sectional, anonymized, self-reported survey was conducted among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years old. Participants completed questionnaires containing Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and questions regarding demographic information and Internet use characteristics. Results A total of 2050 participants (mean age:12.34 ± 4.67 years old, female: 48.44%) were enrolled. Fifty-five (2.68%) participants met the criterion for addictive Internet use (IAT≥70), while 684 (33.37%) participants were classified as problematic Internet users (69≥IAT≥40). Internet usage had grown during the COVID-19 epidemic, including the frequency and duration of recreational Internet use, and the frequency of stay-up Internet use. A linear regression analysis showed female gender (β=-0.091, p<0.001), age (β=0.066, p=0.001), depression (β=0.257, p<0.001), and stress (β=0.323, p<0.001) were significantly correlated with the IAT total scores (R=0.539, R 2 = 0.291, p<0.001). Conclusions We observed excessive Internet use among Chinese children and adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Age, gender, depression, and stress were the potential key factors affecting IA. Extended family and professional support should be considered for vulnerable individuals during these unprecedented times.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet Addiction and Related Psychological Factors Among Children and Adolescents in China During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic

et al. 2020

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“…[28][29][30][31][32] Since preventive interventions are not free from potential side effects, they must be performed only for individuals with an epidemiologically and clinically significant risk of any mental illness. 33 Putative risk factors, whose associations have been inflated by biased results, must be replaced with convincing ones, as is being done for several other mental disorders, including schizophrenia, 34,35 autism, 36,37 depression, 38 bipolar disorder, 39 post-traumatic stress disorder, 40 anxiety spectrum disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. 41 This a necessary step for finding individuals who might be at risk of ED and could thus benefit from preventive interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses

Solmi

Raduà

Stubbs

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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Objective: To grade the evidence about risk factors for eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder) with an umbrella review approach. Methods: This was a systematic review of observational studies on risk factors for eating disorders published in PubMed/PsycInfo/Embase until December 11th, 2019. We recalculated random-effect meta-analyses, heterogeneity, small-study effect, excess significance bias and 95% prediction intervals, grading significant evidence (p o 0.05) from convincing to weak according to established criteria. Quality was assessed with the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) tool. Results: Of 2,197 meta-analyses, nine were included, providing evidence on 50 risk factors, 29,272 subjects with eating disorders, and 1,679,385 controls. Although no association was supported by convincing evidence, highly suggestive evidence supported the association between childhood sexual abuse and bulimia nervosa (k = 29, 1,103 cases with eating disorders, 8,496 controls, OR, 2.73, 95% CI 1.96-3.79, p = 2.1 x 10-9, AMSTAR-2 moderate quality) and between appearance-related teasing victimization and any eating disorder (k = 10, 1,341 cases with eating disorders, 3,295 controls, OR 2.91, 95%CI 2.05-4.12, p = 1.8x10-9, AMSTAR-2 moderate quality). Suggestive, weak, or no evidence supported 11, 29, and 8 associations, respectively. Conclusions: The most credible evidence indicates that early traumatic and stressful events are risk factors for eating disorders. Larger collaborative prospective cohort studies are needed to identify risk factors for eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa.

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“…1 Known risk factors for PTSD include genetic factors, female sex, preceding somatic diseases, family history of psychiatric disorders, cumulative exposure to traumatic experiences, higher severity of the traumatic events, and low premorbid cognitive ability. [2][3][4][5] Individuals with PTSD have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity, 6 multiple adverse health consequences, [7][8][9] and high rates of suicide. 10,11 Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with substantial functional impairment, including problems in relationships and family functioning 12,13 and work-related disabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Educational Achievement in Sweden

et al. 2020

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Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Cited by 156 publications

References 57 publications

Internet Addiction and Related Psychological Factors Among Children and Adolescents in China During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic

Internet Addiction and Related Psychological Factors Among Children and Adolescents in China During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic

Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses

Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Educational Achievement in Sweden

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