Risk factors for the development of high‐grade dysplasia and carcinoma in patients with laryngeal squamous cell papillomas: Large retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Background The incidence and risk factors for the development of high‐grade dysplasia (HG‐D) and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) were assessed in patients with laryngeal squamous cell papillomas (LSP). Methods Clinical data, human papillomaviruses (HPV) typing, HPV E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization, and sequencing of host genes in LSP biopsies of 163 patients were analyzed. Results Progression to HG‐D and LSCC was identified in 21.5% and 4.3% of LSP patients, respectively. A more advanced age at LSP onset and lack of HPV infection were detected as risk factors for the development of HG‐D and LSCC (P < .05). The identification of HG‐D was associated with its progression to LSCC (P < .05). Host gene mutations were identified in 3 of 7 patients with LSCC. Conclusions The histological monitoring of LSP and HPV typing are necessary for early detection of epithelial changes. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of host gene mutations in LSCC transformation.

The Impact of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux on Occurrence and Clinical Course of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis

“…We suppose that other factors have a greater impact on dysplastic change in RRP. 5 Bile acid concentration in saliva was significantly higher in patients with nonaggressive course (median of 1.2 vs. 0.3, U = 49.0, P = .02), showing that RRP severity is probably not influenced only by LPR, in accordance with previous studies. 22 Benedict et al found a connection between subglottic spread of papilloma and LPR, but our results have not confirmed a higher prevalence of LPR in patients with subglottic spread.…”

“…1,2 RRP is an unpredictable disease with a possible aggressive clinical course, 3 a propensity to spread to adjacent areas, and the potential for malignant transformation. 4,5 The recommended therapy is surgery and does not target the causative HPV infection, therefore disease recurrence is common. 6,7 Many adjuvant therapies have been suggested, but for the moment RRP remains an incurable disease.…”

Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Oropharyngeal and Laryngeal Squamous Papilloma: Disparities in Prevalence and Characteristics

“…The oropharynx and larynx, prominent sites of head and neck SP, are integral components of the head and neck region that harbor the potential for HPV infection [ 6 , 7 ]. The characteristics of HPV infection in these sites have been evaluated with distinct clinical associations [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The causative role in the etiopathogenesis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in the oropharynx is being highlighted [ 8 , 9 ], and the increasing incidence of HPV-related OPSCC warrants further understanding of epidemiological data on oropharyngeal HPV infection [ 8 , 9 , 12 ].…”

“…The larynx is another HPV-tropic site mainly associated with laryngeal SP (LSP). The prevalence of HPV infection reportedly ranges from 83% to 100%, featuring predominantly low-risk genotypes such as HPV6 and HPV11 [ 10 , 11 , 14 , 15 ]. Nevertheless, a significant research gap persists, as the majority of previous studies on LSP have focused on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), which is a specific clinical manifestation characterized by multiple confluent LSPs, thereby leaving a lack of data for all types, including solitary LSP [ 16 ].…”