Risk Factors of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) Seropositivity in Veterinary Medicine Students

Rooij, Myrna M.T. de; Schimmer, Barbara; Versteeg, Bart; Schneeberger, Peter M.; Berends, B.R.; Heederik, Dick; Hoek, Wim van der; Wouters, Inge M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032108

Cited by 57 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Chronic infection arises in about 5% of patients and often results in Q fever endocarditis, which requires 18 months to 3 years of antibiotic treatment to resolve. C. burnetii typically spreads by transmission of infected aerosols from ruminants to humans or through the consumption of unpasteurized milk (2)(3)(4)(5). Such infections are considered an occupational hazard among livestock workers, veterinarians, and research laboratory personnel.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of B Cells in Host Defense against Primary Coxiella burnetii Infection

et al. 2015

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Role of B Cells in Host Defense against Primary Coxiella burnetii Infection

et al. 2015

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“…In the survey performed by de Rooij et al [38] in the Veterinary Faculty of the University of Utrecht (the Netherlands), students acknowledged to have endured the following zoonotic diseases: Campylobacteriosis (1.5%), Ecthyma (1.3%), Giardiasis (0.1%), Cat scratch (0,4%), Listeriosis (0.3%), Salmonellosis (1.2%), Dermatophytosis (8.5%), other fungal infections (5.5%), Sthapylococus (0.7%) and Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (0.3%). However, no cases of Brucellosis, Cryptosporidiosis, Leptospirosis, Psittacosis, Q fever, or Toxoplasmosis were communicated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the 62 selected articles describe outbreaks, clinical cases or serological studies, and only one article provides a survey about self-reported zoonoses in students, which was included in a study of Q fever [38]. This is probably due to the fact that common cases of disease or cases of little clinical importance without collective repercussions are not usually published in peer-reviewed journals, limiting the possibility to reach conclusions from a quantitative point of view.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these works describe an increase in seroprevalence values when comparing first-year students with students in the last years of their degree. Contact with animals (especially ruminants), contact with people working with animals [35], academic orientation towards large animal specialties, having endured a zoonosis during their degree and having lived at a farm housing ruminants [38]. The Dutch experience clearly demonstrates the link between the impact of Q fever in veterinary students and the situation of the animals regarding this disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zoonoses in Veterinary Students: A Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2017

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BackgroundVeterinary students face diverse potential sources of zoonotic pathogens since the first years of their academic degree. Such sources include different animal species and pathologic materials which are used at university facilities as well as commercial clinics, farms and other external facilities.ObjectivesThe present study utilizes a systematic review of the literature to identify zoonoses described in veterinary students.Data sourcesWeb of Science and PubMed.ResultsOf the 1,254 titles produced by the bibliographic search, 62 were included in this review. Whereas 28 of these articles (45.2%) described individual cases or outbreaks, the remaining 34 (54.8%) reported serological results. The zoonotic etiological agents described were bacteria, in 39 studies (62.9%), parasites, in 12 works (19.4%), virus, in 9 studies (14.5%) and fungi, in 2 (3.2%) of the selected articles. The selected literature included references from 24 different countries and covered the time period of the last 55 years.LimitationsThe fact that common cases of disease or cases of little clinical importance without collective repercussions are not usually published in peer-reviewed journals limits the possibility to reach conclusions from a quantitative point of view. Furthermore, most of the selected works (66.1%) refer to European or North American countries, and thus, the number of cases due to pathogens which could appear more frequently in non-occidental countries might be underestimated.Conclusions/implicationsThe results of the present systematic review highlight the need of including training in zoonotic diseases since the first years of Veterinary Science degrees, especially focusing on biosecurity measures (hygienic measures and the utilization of the personal protective equipment), as a way of protecting students, and on monitoring programs, so as to adequately advise affected students or students suspicious of enduring zoonoses.

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“…Asymptomatic C. burnetii-infected dogs may undergo a period of recrudescence during pregnancy and shed enormous concentrations of the organism into the environment during and after parturition, constituting a source of infection for humans [132]. There is a continuing increase of reports indicating that contact with infected dogs represents a risk factor for acquiring the infection [128,133,134]. In Canada, a dog-related outbreak of Q fever was reported [135].…”

Section: One Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial canine vector-borne zoonotic diseases in “One Health” concept

Valiakos

2016

Int J One Health

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Canine vector-borne diseases constitute a large group of diseases transmitted by arthropods with worldwide distribution. A wide range of bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents that are transmitted by vectors cause disease to dogs, many of which can also affect humans and thus have an important zoonotic potential. Bacterial agents that are transmitted by vectors have been considered less important than viral or parasitic agents and are not commonly discussed in companion animal practice. However, close contact between pet animals and people offers favorable conditions for transmission of these bacteria. Many of these diseases have become a focus of interest for scientists in recent years. Increase in reservoir abundance, climate change, changing habitat structure, socio-political changes, and imports of dogs for welfare reasons and trade as well as traveling are considered to be potential factors for the pathogens and vectors introduction into new areas. Apart from, the veterinary aspect of these diseases, domestic dogs could play a central epidemiological role in the transmission of bacterial agents to humans, acting as reservoirs and sentinels, a circumstance that requires a One Health approach. This review highlights the most important of these bacterial agents, presenting updated current knowledge with special reference to treatment approach and One Health aspect.

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Risk Factors of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) Seropositivity in Veterinary Medicine Students

Cited by 57 publications

References 30 publications

Role of B Cells in Host Defense against Primary Coxiella burnetii Infection

Role of B Cells in Host Defense against Primary Coxiella burnetii Infection

Zoonoses in Veterinary Students: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Bacterial canine vector-borne zoonotic diseases in “One Health” concept

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