Risk factors of haemoparasites and some haematological parameters of slaughtered trade cattle in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of haemoparasites and some haematological parameters of slaughtered trade cattle in Maiduguri abattoir. A total of 120 blood samples were randomly collected from cattle between January and July, 2014. The samples were screened for haemoparasites by examining Giemsa stained thin blood films. Microhaematocrit centrifugation technique was used for determination of packed cell volume (PCV) while total red blood cell (RBC) counts and total white blood cell (WBC) counts were determined by cyanmethaemoglobin and hemocytometer methods. An overall prevalence of 10.8% (CI=0.064, 0.017) was recorded for Anaplasma (5.8%), Babesia (4.2%) and Trypanosoma species (0.8%). Young cattle had significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of 9.2% (CI= 0.052, 0.157) compared to adults with 1.7% (CI= 0.005, 0.059). Among different sexes, females had a significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of 7.5% (CI: 0.040-0.136) than males with 3.3% (CI= 0.130, 0.083). Rahaji breed had a significantly higher (p<0.05) prevalence of 7.5% (CI= 0.040, 0.136) compared to Ambala with 1.7% (CI= 0.005, 0.059), Kuri and Adamawa gudali each with a prevalence of 0.8% (CI= 0.002, 0.046). Cattle with moderate body condition scores had significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of 6.7% (CI= 0.034, 0.126) compared with those that have good body condition scores with 4.2% (CI= 0.018, 0.094) while thin and fat cattle were not infected with haemoparasites. Even though all the haematological parameters were within range of normal values, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in mean packed cell volume (PCV) and total white blood cell (WBC) counts between infected and un-infected slaughtered cattle. It was concluded from this study that haemoparasites are endemic in cattle populations in Maiduguri and the prevalence of haemoparasites may be associated with changes in PCV and WBC count.

Occurrence of haemoparasites in cattle slaughtered at Jalingo abattoir, north-eastern Nigeria

“…The fact that Anaplasma can be transmitted by several means (biologically by ticks and mechanically by biting flies) could have been the cause of its high prevalence in this study (Abdullah et al, 2019). Similar studies by Paul et al (2016) in Maiduguri and Enogiomwan et al (2019) in Calabar recorded prevalence of 9.9% and 5.8% of Anaplasma in cattle. The observed 0.25% of Trypanosoma was lower than the 8.4% reported by Enwezor et al (2009) in Kaduna state, 8.0% by Kamani et al (2010) in north-central Nigeria and 3.81% by Okorafor & Nzeako (2014) in Oyo state.…”

Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDS) and haematological changes in sheep and goats in Maiduguri abattoir

“…The prevalence of these parasites elsewhere in Nigeria was linked with suitable microclimate favouring the propagation of their arthropod vectors (Jatau et al, 2011). Similarly, the prevalence of haemoparasites in slaughtered cattle in Maiduguri was linked with conditions favouring the bionomics of ixodid ticks (Paul et al, 2016).…”

Prevalencia de hemoparásitos en bovinos de doble propósito en el Cantón Pallatanga, Ecuador

“…En Latinoamérica se hace frecuente por condiciones climáticas la generación de enfermedades hemoparasitarias, asociadas a la ganadería bovina, perjudicando así la productividad de las haciendas dedicadas a la crianza de estos animales, por cuanto la enfermedad trae consigo atraso en el peso, factor primordial para cumplir con la oferta demanda del mercado asociado a la carne y lácteos, siendo indispensable superar la problemática con la finalidad de mejorar la productividad y salud tanto animal como humana (Medina-Naranjo et al, 2017). Así el clima de los Andes tiende a producir un bajo volumen en forrajes con la calidad nutritiva necesaria en sus pasturas, contribuyendo a establecer una alta carga parasitaria en los bovinos, siendo la de mayor frecuencia la hemoparasitosis (Pinilla, et al, 2018;Paul et al, 2016), complementando a la baja productividad del ganado, pudiendo generarse afecciones bacterianas y virales concomitante a la generación de pérdida de calidad en el animal, siendo necesario que el productor invierta en alimentos supletorios al pastoreo con el fin de proyectar una producción saludable al público.…”