Risk Factors of Malaria Events among Pregnant Women in East Sumba Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

East Nusa Tengga (NTT) province is a malaria endemic area in Indonesia, according to API data (Annual Paracite Incidence) 2017; NTT province had highest cases of malaria at 5.76% per 1,000 populations. These morbidity rates include pregnant women. Data from the Health Service Office of East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) in 2014, malaria reported cases were 13.69% per 1,000 population, in 2015, it decreased to 7.06% per 1,000 population, in 2016, it decreased to 5.78‰ per 1,000 population and in 2017, it decreased to 3.77‰ per 1,000 population. Malaria cases in East Sumba Regency in 2016 were 3964 cases, in 2017, there were 7621 cases and in 2018, there were 1649 cases and 23 cases of malaria in pregnant women. East Sumba has 22 districts, 11 of which had cases of pregnant women with 1.40% positive malaria. The overall objective was to explore possibilities of preventing malaria among pregnant women by testing the correlation among eight variables that are relevant among pregnant women. Analytical research with case control design approach has been used in this study which is an analytical study concerning how risk factors are studied using a retrospective approach. In can be concluded that from 12 variables factors, there are five variables that have a correlation with the incidence of malaria in pregnant women, namely malaria medicine, insecticide-treated mosquito nets, health workers, family support and infrastructure. Between these five factors, the health worker factor is the one that simultaneously influences the incidence of malaria in pregnant women.