Risk factors of the progression to hypertension and characteristics of natural history during progression: A national cohort study

Hong, Kwan; Yu, Eun Sun; Chun, Byung Chul

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230538

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Similar type of result was mentioned by Kumari et al [11] In some other studies that the history of smoking was found as a factor of DR development. [12,13] [15,16] But, in our study also the history of hypertension was showed a significant association in the progression of DR.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

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2021

Int J Med Sci and Nurs Res

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Background: Diabetic Retinopathy is a non-communicable disease and metabolic disorder. It is a public health problem in Worldwide. In this paper, finding influencing factors and how much probability to development of DR among known T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional and observational study among T2DM patients, with and without DR in the diabetes clinic with sample of one hundred and fifty patients. Statistical analysis used chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify correlates of DR after controlling of confounders. Results: In this present study, one hundred and fifty DM patients were included and in that, 39 (26%) patients had DR. Smoking habit was strongly associated with development of DR (AOR=15.39, p=0.002), patients had history of hypertension was associated with DR (AOR=1.10, p=0.016), medication, in that insulin users were strongly associated with DR (AOR=5.72, p=0.002), duration of diabetes mellitus with >10 years was associated with DR (AOR=1.18, p=0.001), total cholesterol with abnormal was 5-fold more increase in risk with the development of DR (AOR=5.86, p=0.065) but not significant, high hba1c with >6.5% was associated with the progression of DR (AOR=1.34, p=0.035), and fasting blood sugar with abnormal was associated with the progression of DR (AOR=1.01, p=0.027) except age but, showed positive association in bivariate with DR. The probability of developing DR in a known T2DM patient was 98%. Conclusion: From this study, we revealed that influencing variables were hba1c, smoking habit, intake of tablet/insulin, duration of DM, history of hypertension and fasting blood sugar. The chance/probability of developing retinopathy was very high among known diabetes patients those who had longer duration of DM. Hence, we have recommended a periodic eye screening is mandatory in T2DM patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Untitled

2021

Int J Med Sci and Nurs Res

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“…Age is a major predisposing factor for most common degenerative diseases and increasing age is a well-known and important risk factor for hypertension [ 12 – 14 ]. The Asia cohort study revealed that the incidence of hypertension in older age (> 55 years) was higher than in younger age (20–54 years) [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal analysis of the progression from normal blood pressure to stage 2 hypertension: A 12-year Korean cohort

Hong

Chun

2021

BMC Public Health

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Background The study aimed to estimate the incidence of and period of progression to stage 2 hypertension from normal blood pressure. Methods We selected a total of 21,172 normotensive individuals between 2003 and 2004 from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening and followed them up until 2015. The criteria for blood pressure were based on the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2017 guideline (normal BP: SBP < 120 and DBP < 80 mmHg, elevated BP: SBP 120–129 and DBP < 80 mmHg, stage 1 hypertension: SBP 130–139 or DBP 80–89 mmHg, stage 2 hypertension: SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). We classified the participants into four courses (Course A: normal BP → elevated BP → stage 1 hypertension→ stage 2 hypertension, Course B: normal BP → elevated BP → stage 2 hypertension, Course C: normal BP → stage 1 hypertension → stage 2 hypertension, Course D: normal BP → stage 2 hypertension) according to their progression from normal blood pressure to stage 2 hypertension. Results During the median 12.23 years of follow-up period, 52.8% (n= 11,168) and 23.6% (n=5004) of the participants had stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension, respectively. In particular, over 60 years old had a 2.8-fold higher incidence of stage 2 hypertension than 40–49 years old. After the follow-up period, 77.5% (n=3879) of participants with stage 2 hypertension were found to be course C (n= 2378) and D (n=1501). After the follow-up period, 77.5% (n=3879) of participants with stage 2 hypertension were found to be course C (n= 2378) and D (n=1501). The mean years of progression from normal blood pressure to stage 2 hypertension were 8.7±2.6 years (course A), 6.1±2.9 years (course B), 7.5±2.8 years (course C) and 3.2±2.0 years, respectively. Conclusions This study found that the incidence of hypertension is associated with the progression at each stage. We suggest that the strategies necessary to prevent progression to stage 2 hypertension need to be set differently for each target course.

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“…This study, however, was limited to a target population aged over 65 years. It is welldocumented that age is a significant risk factor for HTN, with its prevalence increasing as people age (43)(44)(45). Consequently, the outcomes of the non-linear analysis may not be generalizable to the adult population in the U.S.…”

Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of seven anthropometric indexes to predict hypertension plus hyperuricemia among U.S. adults

Li,

Zeng

2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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PurposeThis study aims to compare the association of hypertension plus hyperuricemia (HTN-HUA) with seven anthropometric indexes. These include the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), body roundness index (BRI), a body shape index (ABSI), and the cardiometabolic index (CMI).MethodsData was procured from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which recruited a representative population aged 18 years and above to calculate these seven indexes. Logistic regression analysis was employed to delineate their correlation and to compute the odds ratios (OR). Concurrently, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to evaluate the predictive power of the seven indexes.ResultsA total of 23,478 subjects were included in the study. Among these, 6,537 (27.84%) were patients with HUA alone, 2,015 (8.58%) had HTN alone, and 2,836 (12.08%) had HTN-HUA. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the AIP, LAP, VAI, TyG, BRI, ABSI, and CMI were all significantly associated with concurrent HTN-HUA. The OR for the highest quartile of the seven indexes for HTN-HUA were as follows: AIP was 4.45 (95% CI 3.82-5.18), LAP was 9.52 (95% CI 7.82-11.59), VAI was 4.53 (95% CI 38.9-5.28), TyG was 4.91 (95% CI 4.15-5.80), BRI was 9.08 (95% CI 7.45-11.07), ABSI was 1.71 (95% CI 1.45 -2.02), and CMI was 6.57 (95% CI 5.56-7.76). Notably, LAP and BRI demonstrated significant discriminatory abilities for HTN-HUA, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.72 (95% CI 0.71 - 0.73) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.72 - 0.74) respectively.ConclusionThe AIP, LAP, VAI, TyG, BRI, ABSI, and CMI all show significant correlation with HTN-HUA. Notably, both LAP and BRI demonstrate the capability to differentiate cases of HTN-HUA. Among these, BRI is underscored for its effective, non-invasive nature in predicting HTN-HUA, making it a superior choice for early detection and management strategies.

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Risk factors of the progression to hypertension and characteristics of natural history during progression: A national cohort study

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

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A longitudinal analysis of the progression from normal blood pressure to stage 2 hypertension: A 12-year Korean cohort

Comparison of seven anthropometric indexes to predict hypertension plus hyperuricemia among U.S. adults

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