Risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian schoolchildren

Abstract

The aim of this pilot study was to analyse whether overjet, lip coverage and obesity represented risk factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in the permanent anterior teeth of schoolchildren in Recife, Brazil. It included a random sample of 116 boys and girls aged 12 years, attending both public and private schools. Data was collected through clinical examinations and interviews. Dental trauma was classified according to Andreasen's criteria (1994). Overjet was considered as risk factor when it presented values higher than 5 mm. Lip coverage was classified as adequate or inadequate, while obesity was considered according to National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) procedures for the assessment of nutritional status. The prevalence of dental injuries was 23.3%. Boys experienced more injuries than girls, 30 and 16.1%, respectively (P >0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between traumatic dental injuries and overjet (P <0.05) and between traumatic dental injuries and lip coverage (P=0.000). No statistical significant differences were found when obesity and dental trauma were analysed (P <0.05). It was concluded that boys from lower social strata attending public schools, presenting an overjet size greater than 5 mm and an inadequate lip coverage, were more likely to have traumatic dental injuries in Recife, Brazil. Obesity was not a risk factor for dental trauma in this sample.

Traumatic Dental Injuries and Its Relation to Overweight among Indian School Children Living in an Urban Area

“…Further, the relationship between the presence of dental trauma and OW (≥85 th percentile BMI) was statistically significant in our study which is in agreement with the findings in the literature [8,9,22]. On the contrary, few other studies did not detect any statistically significant relation between TDI and OW [20,23,24]. Petti et al, [22] had suggested that lower adeptness among the obese individuals make them more prone to these injuries.…”

Estudo do Traumatismo Dentário em Escolares do Município de João Pessoa, PB, Brasil

“…Ressalta-se que a presença de fraturas nos dentes anteriores, nesse período de vida, tem uma conseqüência bem relevante, pois interfere diretamente na auto-estima das pessoas, trazendo sérias dificuldades nos relacionamentos interpessoais e sociais, visto que a desarmonia no sorriso é considerada uma condição inaceitável para a maioria dos indivíduos. Esse fato se agrava ainda mais, em razão dos incisivos centrais superiores, elementos mais visíveis no sorriso, serem os mais afetados pelo traumatismo dentário, como revelou essa pesquisa e demais estudos 8,6,14,22 . É importante ressaltar que o incisivo central superior esquerdo foi bem mais acometido pelo traumatismo que o direito.…”

“…Levantamentos realizados no Brasil têm destacado a grande prevalência de traumatismos dentários na dentição decídua e mista, variando de 10,4% a 58%, dependendo da faixa etária e do local em que são coletados os dados [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Quando o estudo é realizado em ambiente hospitalar, os tipos de traumatismo mais registrados são os deslocamentos (luxações), enquanto que em escolas, domicílio ou consultórios são observados traumatismos de menor magnitude 10 .…”

Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries and role of incisal overjet and inadequate lip coverage as risk factors among 4-15 years old government school children in Baddi-Barotiwala Area, Himachal Pradesh, India

“…There is evidence that the prevalence of TDI is relatively high in many countries. The prevalence of TDIs among adolescents in the Americas and Europe ranged from 15 % to 23% and 23% to 35%, respectively (2,3). Corresponding prevalence rates among adolescents in Asia and Africa ranged from 4% to 35% and 15% to 21% (4,5).…”

“…The main reported causes of anterior permanent tooth injuries are falls, collisions with people or inanimate object, traffic accidents, sports and violence (2,8). Predisposing factors include inadequate lip coverage and increased incisal overjet of the teeth (3,6). The majority of dental injuries involve the anterior teeth, which may lead to restriction in biting, difficulty in speaking clearly, and feeling embarrassed to show the teeth.…”