Risk Functions and the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Grau, María; Marrugat, Jaume

doi:10.1016/s1885-5857(08)60141-3

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…First, the health benefit derived from interventions is analysed for the population as a whole; thus, the CASSANDRA model does not identify individuals who will get the maximum benefit from the interventions. Second, many current policies related to cardiovascular prevention are based on an individual risk factor epidemiology, and do not consider that many individual attitudes are shaped by the community's attitude toward health problems 13 37. Multivariate risk tools have been described as the most discriminating risk approach available, and as well suited to examine social inequalities, even though the estimates do not include specific variables for identifying vulnerable groups 10 38 39.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risk functions are designed to estimate risk in a population that shares certain risk factor characteristics, sex and age, and therefore, involve a high degree of uncertainty when applied at the individual level 13. The CASSANDRA model aims to predict future CHD events (angina pectoris, MI and CHD death) at a population scale according to different conditions (modifications in demographic population characteristics, and in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a population coronary disease predictive system: the CASSANDRA model

Grau

Subirana

Vila

et al. 2014

J Epidemiol Community Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a population coronary disease predictive system: the CASSANDRA model

Grau

Subirana

Vila

et al. 2014

J Epidemiol Community Health

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“…When setting therapy thresholds we should take into account that the reduction in absolute risk in Spain was much smaller than in high-incidence countries. At the population scale, this fact involves greater clinical benefit and economic advantages when reducing the risk of CHD in high-incidence countries (Grau and Marrugat, 2008).…”

Section: Implications For Chd Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why should population attributable fractions be periodically recalculated?

Grau¹,

Subirana²,

Elosúa³

et al. 2010

Preventive Medicine

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“…Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in most western countries (Grau and Marrugat 2008). The inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis was proposed 30 years ago by Ross (Ross and Glomset 1976); his response-to-injury theory (Ross 1999) remains valid to this day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A) and classical vascular risk factors in a general population

Dulín

García‐Barreno

Guisasola

2010

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Candidate molecules/autoantigens include heat shock proteins (HSPs); Hsp70 (HSPA1A) is one of the best studied HSPs. Various studies have shown a correlation between extracellular Hsp70 (eHsp70) and anti-Hsp70/anti-Hsp60 antibody concentration and development of atherosclerosis. A random sample of 456 people aged 40-60 (218 males, 234 females) was studied to investigate the prevalence of traditional vascular risk factors and eHsp70 and antiHsp70/anti-Hsp60 antibodies levels, according to the risk of vascular disease. Task Force Chart was applied for classification. Subjects were divided into three groups: G0 (with no vascular risk factor or a risk lower than 5%), n=239; G1 (moderated 10-20% risk, who do not have established disease) n=161; and G2 (established atherosclerosis disease) n=52. eHsp70 and anti-Hsp70 were significantly lower in the atherosclerosis group (group 2) with respect to the other groups. Disease-free people showed the highest anti-Hsp60 concentration compared with the other two groups. A correlation has not been demonstrated between the concentrations of circulating Hsp70 (HSPA1A), anti-Hsp70, and antiHsp60 and classical vascular risk factors and C-reactive protein. Low levels of eHsp70 and anti-Hsp70 antibodies should be considered as candidate FRV. Simultaneous decrease of eHsp70 and anti-Hsp70 antibodies would be explained by circulating immune complex formation, and both could be proposed as biomarkers for the progression of atherosclerotic disease. Levels of circulating anti-Hsp60 antibodies may constitute a marker of inflammation in atherosclerosis.

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Risk Functions and the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 11 publications

References 132 publications

Validation of a population coronary disease predictive system: the CASSANDRA model

Validation of a population coronary disease predictive system: the CASSANDRA model

Why should population attributable fractions be periodically recalculated?

Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A) and classical vascular risk factors in a general population

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